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Sukhothai province
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Sukhothai province
Sukhothai (Thai: สุโขทัย, pronounced [sù.kʰǒː.tʰāj]) is a province in lower northern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are Phrae, Uttaradit, Phitsanulok, Kamphaeng Phet, Tak, and Lampang. Sukhothai is located in the Yom river basin which has served as an important lifeline of the region since antiquity. The name Sukhothai comes from Sanskrit meaning 'the dawn of happiness'.
The province is home to the capital city of the namesake 13th-century Sukhothai Kingdom, which is traditionally considered the first state of the Thai people. The ruins of the historical cities of Sukhothai; its capital, and Si Satchanalai; its important city to the north, make up the group of monuments registered as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. There has been evidence of human settlement in the area dating back to the later Iron Age. The ancient city of Sukhothai can be traced back to the 12th century around the same period as the reign of Jayavarman VII, before King Si Inthrathit founded the namesake kingdom, making the city its capital.
Rice production makes up majority of the province's economy, followed by sugarcane, durian, and tangerine productions. The province is considered a "minor tourist destination", receiving more than a million visitors in 2024, generating over THB 250 million. Tourist attractions include Sukhohtai and Si Satchanalai Historical Parks; both of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, two national parks, and one wildlife sanctuary. Visitors also come for its traditional production of Sangkhalok ceramic ware, and its annual celebration of Loy Krathong festival. UNESCO included the province as a part of the Creative Cities Network for the City of Crafts and Folk Arts in 2019.
The modern-day province of Sukhothai was named after the Sukhothai Kingdom, which its capital city of the same name is located in the province. The kingdom's name comes from Sanskrit sukha (सुख 'happiness') + udaya (उदय 'rise', 'emergence'), meaning 'dawn of happiness'.
Sukhothai is located in lower Northern Thailand and shares its borders with; clockwise from north, Phrae, Uttaradit, Phitsanulok, Kamphaeng Phet, and Lampang. The provincial capital, Sukhothai Thani is 427 kilometres (265 mi) north of Bangkok and 300 kilometres (190 mi) south of Chiang Mai. The province covers 6,671 km2 (2,576 sq mi) and the total forest area is 1,975 km2 (763 sq mi) or 29.6 percent of provincial area. The province is characterized by mostly mountainous and hilly topography at 59% of the area, while the remaining 39% are lowland plains. The highest point is Khao Luang range in the Ramkhamhaeng National Park at approximately 1,200 meters above sea level. The range has four main peaks: Khao Phu Kha, Khao Phra Mae Ya, Khao Chedi, and Pha Narai.
Most of the province lies within the basin of the Yom, its main river, while some eastern parts of Si Satchanalai and Si Nakhon belong to the Nan basin. The Yom flows for 170 kilometres (110 mi) through five of the province's nine districts from its source northward in Phayao, southward to Bang Rakam in Phitsanulok. The river overflows yearly causing floods during the monsoon season with only one sluice at Ban Hat Saphan Chan in Sawankhalok district being incapable of handling the massive water flow during the peak monsoon. During the monsoon season, water level in flood-prone areas can reach up to 1.20 meters, lasting 4 months. Many canals and streams arise from the Yom supplying most of the province, the majority of which are on the west bank of the river. The most important of which include the Mae Ramphan, Sarabop, Sam Phuang, and Mae Rak.
The province has a tropical savanna climate with three seasons; summer (February to May), monsoon season (Mau to October), and Winter (November to January).
Khmer empire before 1238
Kingdom of Sukhothai 1238 – 1584
Kingdom of Ayutthaya 1584-1767
Kingdom of Thonburi 1767–1782
Kingdom of Siam 1782–1932
Kingdom of Thailand 1932–present
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Sukhothai province
Sukhothai (Thai: สุโขทัย, pronounced [sù.kʰǒː.tʰāj]) is a province in lower northern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are Phrae, Uttaradit, Phitsanulok, Kamphaeng Phet, Tak, and Lampang. Sukhothai is located in the Yom river basin which has served as an important lifeline of the region since antiquity. The name Sukhothai comes from Sanskrit meaning 'the dawn of happiness'.
The province is home to the capital city of the namesake 13th-century Sukhothai Kingdom, which is traditionally considered the first state of the Thai people. The ruins of the historical cities of Sukhothai; its capital, and Si Satchanalai; its important city to the north, make up the group of monuments registered as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. There has been evidence of human settlement in the area dating back to the later Iron Age. The ancient city of Sukhothai can be traced back to the 12th century around the same period as the reign of Jayavarman VII, before King Si Inthrathit founded the namesake kingdom, making the city its capital.
Rice production makes up majority of the province's economy, followed by sugarcane, durian, and tangerine productions. The province is considered a "minor tourist destination", receiving more than a million visitors in 2024, generating over THB 250 million. Tourist attractions include Sukhohtai and Si Satchanalai Historical Parks; both of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, two national parks, and one wildlife sanctuary. Visitors also come for its traditional production of Sangkhalok ceramic ware, and its annual celebration of Loy Krathong festival. UNESCO included the province as a part of the Creative Cities Network for the City of Crafts and Folk Arts in 2019.
The modern-day province of Sukhothai was named after the Sukhothai Kingdom, which its capital city of the same name is located in the province. The kingdom's name comes from Sanskrit sukha (सुख 'happiness') + udaya (उदय 'rise', 'emergence'), meaning 'dawn of happiness'.
Sukhothai is located in lower Northern Thailand and shares its borders with; clockwise from north, Phrae, Uttaradit, Phitsanulok, Kamphaeng Phet, and Lampang. The provincial capital, Sukhothai Thani is 427 kilometres (265 mi) north of Bangkok and 300 kilometres (190 mi) south of Chiang Mai. The province covers 6,671 km2 (2,576 sq mi) and the total forest area is 1,975 km2 (763 sq mi) or 29.6 percent of provincial area. The province is characterized by mostly mountainous and hilly topography at 59% of the area, while the remaining 39% are lowland plains. The highest point is Khao Luang range in the Ramkhamhaeng National Park at approximately 1,200 meters above sea level. The range has four main peaks: Khao Phu Kha, Khao Phra Mae Ya, Khao Chedi, and Pha Narai.
Most of the province lies within the basin of the Yom, its main river, while some eastern parts of Si Satchanalai and Si Nakhon belong to the Nan basin. The Yom flows for 170 kilometres (110 mi) through five of the province's nine districts from its source northward in Phayao, southward to Bang Rakam in Phitsanulok. The river overflows yearly causing floods during the monsoon season with only one sluice at Ban Hat Saphan Chan in Sawankhalok district being incapable of handling the massive water flow during the peak monsoon. During the monsoon season, water level in flood-prone areas can reach up to 1.20 meters, lasting 4 months. Many canals and streams arise from the Yom supplying most of the province, the majority of which are on the west bank of the river. The most important of which include the Mae Ramphan, Sarabop, Sam Phuang, and Mae Rak.
The province has a tropical savanna climate with three seasons; summer (February to May), monsoon season (Mau to October), and Winter (November to January).
Khmer empire before 1238
Kingdom of Sukhothai 1238 – 1584
Kingdom of Ayutthaya 1584-1767
Kingdom of Thonburi 1767–1782
Kingdom of Siam 1782–1932
Kingdom of Thailand 1932–present
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