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Swarm (spacecraft)
Swarm is a European Space Agency (ESA) mission to study the Earth's magnetic field. High-precision and high-resolution measurements of the strength, direction and variations of the Earth's magnetic field, complemented by precise navigation, accelerometer and electric field measurements, will provide data for modelling the geomagnetic field and its interaction with other physical aspects of the Earth system. The results offer a view of the inside of the Earth from space, enabling the composition and processes of the interior to be studied in detail and increase our knowledge of atmospheric processes and ocean circulation patterns that affect climate and weather.
The overall objective of the Swarm mission is to build on the experience from the Ørsted and CHAMP missions and to provide a survey of the geomagnetic field (multi-point measurements) and its temporal evolution, to gain new insights into the Earth system by improving our understanding of the Earth's interior and climate.
The Swarm constellation consists of three satellites (Alpha, Bravo and Charlie) placed in two different polar orbits, two flying side by side at an altitude of 450 kilometres (280 mi) and a third at an altitude of 530 kilometres (330 mi). The launch was delayed and rescheduled to 12:02:29 UTC on 22 November 2013, from Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia. ESA contracted Astrium to develop and build the three orbiters, while Eurockot provided the launch services.
Through a Canadian-European partnership, the Canadian Space Agency's CASSIOPE satellite's e-POP instrument suite was formally integrated as the fourth satellite in the Swarm constellation in 2018, joining Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie as Echo.
Primary objectives:
Secondary objectives:
The payload of the three spacecraft consists of the following instruments:
The three Swarm satellites arrived at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in September 2013 to begin final testing before fueling and incorporation with the Rokot launch vehicle. The Swarm constellation was successfully launched aboard Rokot/Briz-KM on 22 November 2013.
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Swarm (spacecraft) AI simulator
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Swarm (spacecraft)
Swarm is a European Space Agency (ESA) mission to study the Earth's magnetic field. High-precision and high-resolution measurements of the strength, direction and variations of the Earth's magnetic field, complemented by precise navigation, accelerometer and electric field measurements, will provide data for modelling the geomagnetic field and its interaction with other physical aspects of the Earth system. The results offer a view of the inside of the Earth from space, enabling the composition and processes of the interior to be studied in detail and increase our knowledge of atmospheric processes and ocean circulation patterns that affect climate and weather.
The overall objective of the Swarm mission is to build on the experience from the Ørsted and CHAMP missions and to provide a survey of the geomagnetic field (multi-point measurements) and its temporal evolution, to gain new insights into the Earth system by improving our understanding of the Earth's interior and climate.
The Swarm constellation consists of three satellites (Alpha, Bravo and Charlie) placed in two different polar orbits, two flying side by side at an altitude of 450 kilometres (280 mi) and a third at an altitude of 530 kilometres (330 mi). The launch was delayed and rescheduled to 12:02:29 UTC on 22 November 2013, from Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia. ESA contracted Astrium to develop and build the three orbiters, while Eurockot provided the launch services.
Through a Canadian-European partnership, the Canadian Space Agency's CASSIOPE satellite's e-POP instrument suite was formally integrated as the fourth satellite in the Swarm constellation in 2018, joining Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie as Echo.
Primary objectives:
Secondary objectives:
The payload of the three spacecraft consists of the following instruments:
The three Swarm satellites arrived at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in September 2013 to begin final testing before fueling and incorporation with the Rokot launch vehicle. The Swarm constellation was successfully launched aboard Rokot/Briz-KM on 22 November 2013.