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Takkanah
A takkanah (Hebrew: תקנה, romanized: taqqānā, pl. takkanot, 'improvement') is a major legislative enactment within halakha, the normative system of Judaism's laws. A takkanah is an enactment that revises an ordinance that no longer satisfies the requirements of the times or circumstances or which, being deduced from a biblical passage, may be regarded as new. A takkanah is enacted by a rabbinical decree or ordinance to improve and preserve religious life. It is, therefore, the antithesis of the gezerah (Hebrew: גְּזֵרָה, romanized: gǝzērā). The term is applied also to the institution provided for in the enactment.
Takkanot were enacted even in the time of the Second Temple, those of unknown origin being ascribed to earlier leaders, and they have been promulgated at all subsequent periods of Jewish history.
Classical Jewish law granted the Chazal, the first rabbinical authorities, wide legislative powers. There are two powerful legal tools within the Halakhic system:
However, taqqanah can refer to either gezerot or taqqanot in later literature.
Taqqanot, in general, do not affect or restrict observance of mitzvot. However, the Talmud states that in exceptional cases, the Jewish sages had the authority to make a gezera even if it would "uproot a matter from the Torah". In Talmudic and classical Rabbinic literature, this authority refers to the power to prohibit specific actions that would otherwise be permitted by Jewish law, known as halakha. Rabbis may rule that a Torah-based mitzva should not be performed—e.g. blowing the shofar on Shabbat or blessing the four species of Sukkot on Shabbat. These gezerot are executed out of fear that some might otherwise carry the mentioned items between home and the synagogue, thus inadvertently violating one of the 39 Melakhot, a greater sin than neglecting a mitzva.
Another rare and limited form of taqqana involved overriding Torah prohibitions. In some cases, the sages permitted temporary exceptions to a prohibition to maintain the system as a whole. This was part of the basis for Esther's relationship with Ahasuerus.
Ascribed to Moses:
To Joshua:
Takkanah
A takkanah (Hebrew: תקנה, romanized: taqqānā, pl. takkanot, 'improvement') is a major legislative enactment within halakha, the normative system of Judaism's laws. A takkanah is an enactment that revises an ordinance that no longer satisfies the requirements of the times or circumstances or which, being deduced from a biblical passage, may be regarded as new. A takkanah is enacted by a rabbinical decree or ordinance to improve and preserve religious life. It is, therefore, the antithesis of the gezerah (Hebrew: גְּזֵרָה, romanized: gǝzērā). The term is applied also to the institution provided for in the enactment.
Takkanot were enacted even in the time of the Second Temple, those of unknown origin being ascribed to earlier leaders, and they have been promulgated at all subsequent periods of Jewish history.
Classical Jewish law granted the Chazal, the first rabbinical authorities, wide legislative powers. There are two powerful legal tools within the Halakhic system:
However, taqqanah can refer to either gezerot or taqqanot in later literature.
Taqqanot, in general, do not affect or restrict observance of mitzvot. However, the Talmud states that in exceptional cases, the Jewish sages had the authority to make a gezera even if it would "uproot a matter from the Torah". In Talmudic and classical Rabbinic literature, this authority refers to the power to prohibit specific actions that would otherwise be permitted by Jewish law, known as halakha. Rabbis may rule that a Torah-based mitzva should not be performed—e.g. blowing the shofar on Shabbat or blessing the four species of Sukkot on Shabbat. These gezerot are executed out of fear that some might otherwise carry the mentioned items between home and the synagogue, thus inadvertently violating one of the 39 Melakhot, a greater sin than neglecting a mitzva.
Another rare and limited form of taqqana involved overriding Torah prohibitions. In some cases, the sages permitted temporary exceptions to a prohibition to maintain the system as a whole. This was part of the basis for Esther's relationship with Ahasuerus.
Ascribed to Moses:
To Joshua: