Taltala (also spelt Taltola, archaic spelling Taltollah) is a neighbourhood in Central Kolkata, in Kolkata district in the Indian state of West Bengal. One of the oldest neighbourhoods of the metropolis, it has a police station on its own name.

Taltala was named after its tal (Palmyra) trees.

According to H. E. A. Cotton Taltala was chiefly peopled by Bihari Muslim khalasis and lascars. Wellesley Street (renamed Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road) is described as a ‘fine broad thoroughfare’, along the course of which is situated Wellesley Square (renamed Haji Mohd. Mohsin Square). To the north of it is the Madrasa.

In 1758, one year after their decisive win in Battle of Plassey, the British East India Company commenced construction of the new Fort William in the center of the village Gobindapur. The inhabitants of the village were compensated and provided with land in Taltala, Kumortuli and Shovabazar.

Although a predominantly Muslim locality, its early Hindu settlers included Durga Charan Banerjea, father of Surendranath Banerjea. Muslims have been living in the area since the early 19th century, and the earliest inhabitants were mainly Bengali Muslims, though Bihari Muslim settlers began arriving in a flood since 1870-1880 and more so since the 1980s.

In 1888, one of the 25 newly organized police section houses was located in Taltala.

Ward nos 52 and 53 of Kolkata Municipal Corporation are under Taltala Police Station and part of Taltala. Small parts of ward nos 50 and 51 (only under Taltala Police Station) are part of Taltala. Ward no. 62, under both Park Street Police Station and Taltala Police Station, is also a part of Taltala. Ward no 61, under Park Street Police Station, is a part of Taltala too. A little part of ward no 63 (only under Park Street Police Station) is also a part of Taltala. The neighbourhood is bound by Bowbazar in the north, Entally in the east, Park Street neighbourhood in the south and Janbazar and Chowringhee in the west. Great celebrities of Taltala are Surendranath Banerjee, Durga Charan Banerjee, Jnanendra Nath Mukherjee, Hirendranath Mukherjee, Rezaul Karim, Dr. Moni Biswas, Dr Tamiz Khan, Narendranath Sen, Tripura sankar Sensastry, Sudam Banerjee, Nilmoni Mukherjee, Bijoy Singh Nahar, Benjamin Gomes, Syed Badruddoja and so on

Taltala police station is part of the Central division of Kolkata Police. It is located at 4, Taltala Lane, Kolkata-700014.