Tawam (Arabic: تَوَام, romanized: Tawām), also Tuwwam, or Tu'am, is a historical oasis region in Eastern Arabia that stretched from, or was located between, the Western Hajar Mountains to the Persian Gulf coast, nowadays forming parts of the United Arab Emirates and western Oman. Although associated with the Buraimi Oasis (Arabic: وَاحَة ٱلْبُرَيْمِي, romanized: Wāḥat Al-Buraymī), by historians working from documentary sources available in the 1950s and 60s, Tu'am is now thought to refer to the Christian patriachate of St Thomas the Apostle of the East and the location of the principal city and pearling centre on Siniyah island in modern Umm Al Quwain on the Western seaboard of the UAE.

It is marked by the twin settlements of Al Ain and Al-Buraimi on the UAE-Omani border, with the former in the UAE and the latter in Oman, and with Siniyah on the Western seaboard of the UAE.

Al-Ain is the main settlement in the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, located on the country's eastern border with Oman, where the adjacent town of Al-Buraimi is located. The region is located to the west of the Western Hajar Mountains and the Gulf of Oman, and in the vicinity of the Rub' al-Khali Desert. On the coast of the Arabian or Persian Gulf lies Jumeirah in the Emirate of Dubai, which was probably part of this region, as well as the major pearling town and early religious site now being uncovered at Siniyah.

The word 'Tawam' means 'twins' in Arabic, and was thought to refer to a pair of alfaj (water channels) in the Buraimi region, as identified from the works of people like Salil ibn Raziq in the 19th century, Al-Tabari and Al-Muqaddasi in the 10th century. However, contemporary archaeological and archival research has strongly identified Tu'am with Thomas the Apostle, particularly after the recent archaeological work carried out at Siniyah by Timothy Power, an archaeologist and professor based in Abu Dhabi who helped to found the Buraimi Oasis Landscape Archaeology Project.

In the mid-19th century, an Omani scholar, Salil ibn Raziq, basically said that Buraimi used to be called Tawam. People picked up on that but have never critically examined the earlier sources. Al Tabari writes of a Persian sphere of influence along the Batinah plain of Oman and an Arab sphere of influence in the interior with its capital at a place called Tawam. In that he deals with the events of 893/94, in which there is a dispute amongst different local factions about who should rule in Oman. One of these factions approaches the Abbasids for outside assistance. The faction who do this are called the Bani Sama and they are based in Buraimi before they base themselves in Sohar, call themselves the Wajihid Dynasty and assume the leadership of the whole region.

— Timothy Power.

The identification of Tu’am with Al Ain and Buraimi was reproduced uncritically by British colonialists and Arab nationalists in the 1960s and ‘70s, which coincided with the creation of the United Arab Emirates. The result was a roundabout and hospital in Al Ain named after Tu’am, an attempt to give deep roots to the new nation.

— Timothy Power,