Taylor Glacier
Taylor Glacier
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Taylor Glacier

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Taylor Glacier

The Taylor Glacier (77°44′S 162°10′E / 77.733°S 162.167°E / -77.733; 162.167 (Taylor Glacier)) is a glacier in Antarctica about 35 nautical miles (65 km; 40 mi) long, flowing from the plateau of Victoria Land into the western end of Taylor Valley, north of the Kukri Hills. It flows to the south of the Asgard Range. The middle part of the glacier is bounded on the north by the Inland Forts and on the south by Beacon Valley.

The Taylor Glacier was discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (BrNAE, 1901–1904) and at that time thought to be a part of Ferrar Glacier. The Western Journey Party of the British Antarctic Expedition of 1910 determined that the upper and lower portions of what was then known as Ferrar Glacier are apposed, i.e., joined in Siamese-twin fashion north of Knobhead. With this discovery Robert Falcon Scott named the upper portion for Thomas Griffith Taylor, geologist and leader of the Western Journey Party.

The Taylor Glacier has been the focus of a measurement and modeling effort carried out by researchers from the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Texas at Austin. Like other glaciers in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Taylor Glacier is "cold-based", meaning its bottom is frozen to the ground below. The rest of the world's glaciers are "wet-based", meaning they scrape over the bedrock, picking up and leaving obvious piles of debris (moraines) along their edges. Cold-based glaciers flow more like putty, pushed forward by their own weight. Cold-based glaciers pick up minimal debris, cause little erosion, and leave only small moraines. They also look different from above. Instead of having surfaces full of crevasses, cold-based glaciers are comparatively flat and smooth.

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The Taylor Glacier originates on the polar plateau to the west of Horseshoe Mountain and Depot Nunatak. It flow east past Finger Mountain in the Quartermain Mountains to the south, and past Beehive Mountain in the Asgard Range to the north, then turn southeast and flows past the Solitary Rocks, Cavendish Icefalls and the Cavendish Rocks to the northeast, and past Knobhead to the south, where it turns northeast. There it is apposed, i.e., joined in Siamese-twin fashion, to the Ferrar Glacier. The glaciers separate, and the Taylor Glacier turns east past the western end of the Kukri Hills, flowing to the north of the Kukri Hills, while the Ferrar Glacier flows to the south of the Kukri Hills. The Catspaw Glacier and Stocking Glacier flow towards the Taylor Glacier from the Asgard Range, but do not reach it. Further east the Taylor Glacier tapers out at the west end of the Taylor Valley, where a small section of the glacier flows into Lake Bonney.

Named features of the glacier, from west to east, include,

77°40′S 157°40′E / 77.667°S 157.667°E / -77.667; 157.667. An elliptical ice dome, 43 nautical miles (80 km; 49 mi) long ESE-WNW and 16 nautical miles (30 km; 18 mi) wide, rising to 2,400 metres (7,900 ft), centered about 29 nautical miles (54 km; 33 mi) west-northwest of Mount Crean, Lashly Mountains. The feature was delineated by the SPRI-NSF-TUD airborne radio echo sounding program, 1967–79. The name was first used by David J. Drewry of SPRI in 1980. The dome is one of the local sources of ice to the Taylor Glacier, from which it is named. Approved by United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 1994.

77°45′S 160°04′E / 77.750°S 160.067°E / -77.750; 160.067. Nunatak, 1,980 metres (6,500 ft) high, standing at the west side of Cassidy Glacier and Quartermain Mountains. Nearly vertical cliffs of columnar dolerite rise 150 metres (490 ft) above glacier level at the east end. So named by the BrNAE (1901–04), on their western journey in 1903, because they made a food depot there, for use on their return.

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