Jefferson retired to Monticello, where he devoted his time to farming, writing, and intellectual pursuits. He continued to correspond with leading thinkers and politicians and remained engaged in public affairs.

Jefferson continued to work on architectural projects, including improvements to Monticello and the design of the University of Virginia. His architectural designs reflected his classical tastes and his commitment to creating spaces that promoted learning and civic engagement.

Jefferson founded the University of Virginia, which he considered one of his greatest achievements. He designed the university's architecture, curriculum, and governance structure, emphasizing academic freedom and a broad-based education.

Jefferson maintained an extensive correspondence with friends, colleagues, and political leaders. He wrote extensively on a variety of topics, including politics, philosophy, education, and science. His writings provide valuable insights into his thinking and the intellectual climate of the early 19th century.