The timeline of elections in Canada covers all the provincial, territorial and federal elections from when each province was joined Confederation through to the present day. The table below indicates which party won the election. Several provinces held elections before joining Canada, but only their post-Confederation elections are shown. These include:

The most recent election is shown with a box limited to four years of government, as the federal government and all provinces and territories have fixed election dates every four years. However, elections can be called at any time by an incumbent government. Thus, the box is shown as running until the next scheduled election, but one could still be earlier if the government falls due to a motion of no confidence, or if the governing party calls an early election. The maximum length of office as set by the constitution is five years.

Newfoundland (now Newfoundland and Labrador) joined Canada as a new province in 1949.

The territory of Nunavut was created on 1 April 1999, from land previously part of the Northwest Territories.

The table below shows how many elections each party has won in each province and territory. The Northwest Territories and Nunavut use consensus government, which means there are no political parties. Of forty-five federal elections, twenty-six have been won by the Liberals, eighteen by the Conservatives, and one by a now defunct Unionist party.