Timur Gareyev (sometimes spelled Gareev; born March 3, 1988) is an Uzbekistani and American chess grandmaster.

He was born in Tashkent to Tatar parents. Gareyev was a part of the University of Texas at Brownsville's chess team, where he helped the university obtain its first national championship along with other collegiate honors.

In 2007, he tied for first with Vladimir Egin and Anton Filippov in the Uzbekistani Chess Championship. Gareyev has participated in two Chess Olympiads: 2004 Calvià, Spain and 2006 Turin, Italy. Gareyev won the 20th Annual Chicago Open and the 11th Metropolitan Chess FIDE Invitational tournament.

Gareyev won the North American Open 2012 and tied for third in the U.S. Chess Championship 2013. He won the U.S. Open with an 8-1 clear-first-place score in 2018. Gareyev's simultaneous blindfold chess record includes a 19-game blindfold simul in Cypress, Texas, September 2012, a 27-game (set in stages) simul in Hawaii Dec 2012, a 33-game (set in stages) match in St Louis, May 2013 and a world record 48-board simul in Las Vegas, on December 4, 2016.

Gareyev's win in the 2018 US Open qualified him for a place in the 2019 U.S. Chess Championship, where he finished in a three-way tie for 9th place out of a field of 12.

In 2018, Gareyev tied for first place at the U.S. Masters Chess Championship.

In 2020, Gareyev won first place in the 27th annual Western Class Championship tied with John Daniel Bryant.

In 2022, Gareyev won the American Continental Chess Championship with a score of 9½/11 (+8, =3, -0), and qualified for the Chess World Cup 2023.