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Ugsarmal bair (Mongolian: Угсармал байр, lit. 'assembled building'), or just Ugsarmal, is the Mongolian term for prefabricated high rise panel buildings. Most of these buildings were built in the 1970s and 1980s with Soviet funding and Soviet designs.
Most of these buildings offered only small-sized flats to most inhabitants and were made to cheap quality standards while minimising the visual beauty of the buildings, at the same time they supplied a large share of Mongolia's population with flats equipped with modern amenities (tap hot & cold water, in-flat sanitation, central heating) which at the time were still quite rare in the country. Ugsarmals in Ulaanbaatar, Erdenet and Darkhan are often high-rises, while those in the aimag centers usually have only four floors. Most public flats in Mongolia, including those in Ugsarmals, were privatized in the early 1990s.
The term Ugsarmal bair refers specifically to buildings in Mongolia. However, similar buildings (Plattenbau) were built in other Communist countries and some Western countries.
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