Urszula Eugenia Broll-Urbanowicz (17 March 1930 in Katowice – 17 February 2020 in Przesieka) was a Polish painter, animator of underground culture, Buddhist, co-founder of the St-53 Group (1953–56), member of esoteric circle Oneiron (1965-1976), co-initiator and participant of the first Buddhist group in Poland.

Urszula Broll was born in Katowice, in a family of Silesian origin, where Polish and German influences mixed. Father, Jan Broll, came from a Polish-speaking family from Zabrze. He was a participant in the Silesian Uprisings, head of the Wełowiec commune (now Katowice). Her mother Katarzyna Loch, born in Berlin, came from a German-speaking Silesian family. Urszula was the youngest of the three daughters (the older was Krystyna and the oldest Halina). She started her education in 1937. She studied at the Polish school in Katowice and the German school in Wrocław (for a year). In 1949, she passed her secondary school-leaving examination in a female secondary school in Katowice and entered the Katowice art school, then a Graphic Department of the Academy of Fine Arts in Wrocław (from 1952, the Graphic Arts Department of the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków) - major in propaganda graphics, poster. She graduated with honors in 1955.

At the end of the 1950s, she married the painter Andrzej Urbanowicz. In 1960, they moved to 1 Piastowska Street, where Broll received an art workshop. Together, they created an underground place for art, an important center of Silesian artistic life.

In 1965, their son Roger was born.

She co-founded the Oneiron Group in 1967 with Andrzej Urbanowicz, Henryk Waniek, Antoni Halor and Zygmunt Stuchlik.

In the 1970s, Urszula and Andrzej Urbanowicz focused their interests on Buddhism. Together with friends (Henryk Waniek, Tadeusz Sławek, Jerzy Illg, Stanisław Kasprzyk), from February 1974, they published the first Buddhist periodical in the Polish People's Republic, entitled Droga (The Way), later called Droga Zen (The Way of Zen). In 1975, the first Buddhist group in Poland was formally established there. Urszula Broll's marriage ended in divorce in 1978. Henryk Smagacz, a companion of spiritual practices, painter and translator, appeared in Urszula's life, who later became her life partner, and in 2016 her husband.

In 1983 Urszula Broll with her son Roger and Henryk Smagacz left Katowice. She lived in Przesieka, in Jelenia Góra Voivodeship (now Lower Silesian Voivodeship), where she spent the rest of her life dealing with painting and spiritual practice. In 2014, she was awarded the honorary decoration Meritorious for Polish Culture.

Urszula Broll's work began in the 1950s Silesian themes (most famous work is The Old Silesian Woman), changes under the influence of Władysław Strzemiński texts. His views on analyzing the form, changes in the artist's visual awareness, the process of shaping modern art and visual language, and the meaning of the "expanded view of cubism", formed the basis for the creative exploration of St-53 Group, one of the first artistic groups in post-war Poland. Broll was a co-founder and active member. The group's first unofficial exhibition took place in 1953 in Brad, then in 1954 in Katowice. The artist showed there simplified Still Life from 1953 to 1954, which resulted from a logical conceptual analysis of the studied subjects. The intermingling systems of lines and arcs, the unfolding in space of complementary crystals of the form, through a thorough analysis of small particles of the structure, gives these canvases a strict composition discipline, a feature that has become paramount to almost all the artist's works created during this period. The painting series is coming from a later period of St-53 titled Paradoxes of spaces showing the artist's searching in research of the behaviour of space, intermingling planes and multidimensional reality. Other important cycles in her work include Afterimages referring to the work of Strzemiński, however, presenting visual impressions as colour effects, and Biological Compositions.