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Walther Bothe
Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe (German: [ˈvaltɐ ˈboːtə] ⓘ; 8 January 1891 – 8 February 1957) was a German experimental physicist who shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics with Max Born "for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith."
Bothe served in the military during World War I from 1914, and he was a prisoner of war of the Russians, returning to Germany in 1920. Upon his return to the laboratory, he developed and applied coincidence circuits to the study of nuclear reactions, such as the Compton effect, cosmic rays, and the wave–particle duality of radiation.
In 1930, Bothe became Full Professor and Director of the Physics Department at the University of Giessen. In 1932, he became Director of the Physical and Radiological Institute at the University of Heidelberg; he was driven out of this position by elements of the Deutsche Physik movement. To preclude his emigration from Germany, he was appointed Director of the Physics Institute of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg. There, he built the first operational cyclotron in Germany. Furthermore, he became a principal in the German nuclear energy project, also known as Uranverein, which was started in 1939 under the supervision of the Army Ordnance Office.
In 1946, in addition to his directorship of the Physics Institute at the KWImf, Bothe was reinstated as a professor at the University of Heidelberg. From 1956 to 1957, he was a member of the Nuclear Physics Working Group in Germany.
In the year after Bothe's death, his Physics Institute at the KWImF was elevated to the status of a new institute under the Max Planck Society and it then became the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics. Its main building was later named Bothe laboratory.
Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe was born on 8 January 1891 in Oranienburg, Germany, the son of Friedrich Bothe and Charlotte Hartung.
From 1908 to 1912, Bothe studied at the University of Berlin. In 1913, he became Max Planck's teaching assistant. He received his Ph.D. under Planck the following year.
In 1913, Bothe joined the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (PTR – now the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt), where he stayed until 1930. Hans Geiger had been appointed Director of the newly-established Laboratory for Radioactivity there in 1912; Bothe was an assistant to Geiger from 1913 to 1920, a scientific member of Geiger's staff from 1920 to 1927, and Director of the Laboratory for Radioactivity from 1927 to 1930—in succession to Geiger.
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Walther Bothe
Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe (German: [ˈvaltɐ ˈboːtə] ⓘ; 8 January 1891 – 8 February 1957) was a German experimental physicist who shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics with Max Born "for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith."
Bothe served in the military during World War I from 1914, and he was a prisoner of war of the Russians, returning to Germany in 1920. Upon his return to the laboratory, he developed and applied coincidence circuits to the study of nuclear reactions, such as the Compton effect, cosmic rays, and the wave–particle duality of radiation.
In 1930, Bothe became Full Professor and Director of the Physics Department at the University of Giessen. In 1932, he became Director of the Physical and Radiological Institute at the University of Heidelberg; he was driven out of this position by elements of the Deutsche Physik movement. To preclude his emigration from Germany, he was appointed Director of the Physics Institute of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg. There, he built the first operational cyclotron in Germany. Furthermore, he became a principal in the German nuclear energy project, also known as Uranverein, which was started in 1939 under the supervision of the Army Ordnance Office.
In 1946, in addition to his directorship of the Physics Institute at the KWImf, Bothe was reinstated as a professor at the University of Heidelberg. From 1956 to 1957, he was a member of the Nuclear Physics Working Group in Germany.
In the year after Bothe's death, his Physics Institute at the KWImF was elevated to the status of a new institute under the Max Planck Society and it then became the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics. Its main building was later named Bothe laboratory.
Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe was born on 8 January 1891 in Oranienburg, Germany, the son of Friedrich Bothe and Charlotte Hartung.
From 1908 to 1912, Bothe studied at the University of Berlin. In 1913, he became Max Planck's teaching assistant. He received his Ph.D. under Planck the following year.
In 1913, Bothe joined the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (PTR – now the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt), where he stayed until 1930. Hans Geiger had been appointed Director of the newly-established Laboratory for Radioactivity there in 1912; Bothe was an assistant to Geiger from 1913 to 1920, a scientific member of Geiger's staff from 1920 to 1927, and Director of the Laboratory for Radioactivity from 1927 to 1930—in succession to Geiger.
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