Western Rukum (Nepali: पश्चिमी रुकुम) a part of Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Musikot is the headquarter of the district.

Formally Western Rukum District was part of Rukum District, which divided into two districts Western Rukum and Eastern Rukum after the state's reconstruction of administrative divisions as of 20 September 2015.

The total area of Western Rukum District is 1,213.49 square kilometres (468.53 sq mi) and total population of this district as of 2011 Nepal census is 154,272 individuals.

Located in the western hill region, Western Rukum is a hill district with many valleys. It is bordered with five districts: Eastern Rukum and Rolpa district of Lumbini province on the east, Salyan district to the south, Jajarkot district on the west, and Dolpa district to the north.

At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, Western Rukum District had a population of 166,740. 9.92% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 75.74% and a sex ratio of 1056 females per 1000 males. 99,143 (59.46%) lived in municipalities.

Khas people make up a majority of the population with 85% of the population. Chhetris form an outright majority in the district with 53% of the population, while Khas Dalits make up 21% of the population. Hill Janjatis make up 15% of the population, of which Magars are 14% of the population.

At the time of the 2021 census, 98.35% of the population spoke Nepali and 1.22% Magar Kham as their first language. In 2011, 99.3% of the population spoke Nepali as their first language.

Though Western Rukum is considered a remote district, transportation has been rapidly expanded after the Second People's Movement of 2006. With recent building of roads, bus and jeep services are available with links to the southern plains and major cities including Kathmandu. Two airports offer safe but rudimentary facilities for passenger flights, mainly from Nepalganj and Kathmandu.