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1st Canadian Parliament
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1st Canadian Parliament
The 1st Canadian Parliament was summoned in November 1867, following the election of the members of the House of Commons in the 1867 federal election. It lasted until dissolution in 1872, prior to the 1872 election (four years and 252 days). It met in five different sessions from 1867 to 1872, and was prorogued between the sessions.
The House of Commons was controlled by a majority coalition between the Conservative Party and the Liberal-Conservative Party under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 1st Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, but there was not yet a Leader of the Official Opposition during the 1st Parliament.
James Cockburn, M.P., was the Speaker of the House of Commons for the term of the Parliament. Senator Joseph-Édouard Cauchon was the Speaker of the Senate for the term of the Parliament.
Canada was created on July 1, 1867, when the British North America Act, 1867 (now the Constitution Act, 1867) was brought into force by royal proclamation of Queen Victoria. That was the culmination of Canadian Confederation, which united the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick into a new federation, with the Province of Canada split into two new provinces, Ontario and Quebec.
The act created a new federal parliament, the Parliament of Canada. It was composed of the monarch, represented by the Governor General of Canada, the appointed Senate, and the elected House of Commons. The Parliament operates on a similar basis as the British Parliament, with the government of Canada headed by the Prime Minister of Canada, who holds office based on controlling a majority in the House of Commons.
Based on the political situation leading up to July 1, 1867, it was generally expected that John A. Macdonald, one of the co-premiers of the Province of Canada, would be the first prime minister of Canada. This was confirmed by Governor General Viscount Monck, who appointed Macdonald as prime minister in May 1867. Macdonald then appointed the cabinet ministers for the new federal government, which took office on July 1, in the run-up to the first elections for the House of Commons, which occurred in August and September, 1867.
The seats in the House of Commons were allocated to the four provinces, based on population: Ontario had 82 seats, Quebec had 65, Nova Scotia had 19, and New Brunswick had 15. Most of the electoral districts, also called ridings, were single-member districts, but there were some multi-member districts. Voting was done by open ballots, with members elected on a first-past-the-post system.
In the first general elections in 1867, Macdonald's supporters, an informal coalition of Conservatives and Liberal-Conservatives, won a majority of the seats in the House of Commons, confirming him and the cabinet in office. The Parliament was then summoned for November 7, 1867.
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1st Canadian Parliament
The 1st Canadian Parliament was summoned in November 1867, following the election of the members of the House of Commons in the 1867 federal election. It lasted until dissolution in 1872, prior to the 1872 election (four years and 252 days). It met in five different sessions from 1867 to 1872, and was prorogued between the sessions.
The House of Commons was controlled by a majority coalition between the Conservative Party and the Liberal-Conservative Party under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 1st Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, but there was not yet a Leader of the Official Opposition during the 1st Parliament.
James Cockburn, M.P., was the Speaker of the House of Commons for the term of the Parliament. Senator Joseph-Édouard Cauchon was the Speaker of the Senate for the term of the Parliament.
Canada was created on July 1, 1867, when the British North America Act, 1867 (now the Constitution Act, 1867) was brought into force by royal proclamation of Queen Victoria. That was the culmination of Canadian Confederation, which united the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick into a new federation, with the Province of Canada split into two new provinces, Ontario and Quebec.
The act created a new federal parliament, the Parliament of Canada. It was composed of the monarch, represented by the Governor General of Canada, the appointed Senate, and the elected House of Commons. The Parliament operates on a similar basis as the British Parliament, with the government of Canada headed by the Prime Minister of Canada, who holds office based on controlling a majority in the House of Commons.
Based on the political situation leading up to July 1, 1867, it was generally expected that John A. Macdonald, one of the co-premiers of the Province of Canada, would be the first prime minister of Canada. This was confirmed by Governor General Viscount Monck, who appointed Macdonald as prime minister in May 1867. Macdonald then appointed the cabinet ministers for the new federal government, which took office on July 1, in the run-up to the first elections for the House of Commons, which occurred in August and September, 1867.
The seats in the House of Commons were allocated to the four provinces, based on population: Ontario had 82 seats, Quebec had 65, Nova Scotia had 19, and New Brunswick had 15. Most of the electoral districts, also called ridings, were single-member districts, but there were some multi-member districts. Voting was done by open ballots, with members elected on a first-past-the-post system.
In the first general elections in 1867, Macdonald's supporters, an informal coalition of Conservatives and Liberal-Conservatives, won a majority of the seats in the House of Commons, confirming him and the cabinet in office. The Parliament was then summoned for November 7, 1867.
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