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2009 Indian general election
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2009 Indian general election
General elections were held in India in five phases between 16 April 2009 and 13 May 2009 to elect the members of the fifteenth Lok Sabha. With a registered electorate of 716 million and a turnout of 417 million voters, it was the largest democratic election in the world until being surpassed by the 2014 general election.
By constitutional requirement, elections to the Lok Sabha must be held every five years or when Parliament is dissolved by the president. The previous elections were held in May 2004; the term of the 14th Lok Sabha would have naturally expired on 1 June 2009. The elections were organised by the Election Commission of India (ECI) and were held in multiple phases to better handle the large electorate and security concerns. In February 2009, Rs.11.20 billion ($200.5 million) was budgeted for election expenses by parliament.
A total of 8,070 candidates contested 543 seats elected in single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting. The National Democratic Alliance (NDA), led by the official opposition, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and the newly formed Third Front, led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) and mainly constituted of regional parties, challenged the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, making the election a triangular fight. Voter turnout over all five phases was around 58%. The results of the election were announced within three days of phase five, on 16 May.
The UPA returned to government with an increased majority, with strong results in Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal; in all, there was support from 322 of the 543 elected members, including external support from the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), Samajwadi Party (SP), Janata Dal (Secular) (JD(S)), Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) and other minor parties. Manmohan Singh became the first prime minister since Jawaharlal Nehru in 1962 to be re-elected after completing a full five-year term. He was sworn in to his second term by President Pratibha Patil on 22 May 2009 in the Ashoka Hall, Rashtrapati Bhavan. He would go on to complete a full five-year term; however, the UPA would lose to the NDA in a landslide in the next election.
The election, while following the normal five-year cycle, came after a break in the first UPA alliance after the left parties withdrew their support due to the Indo-US nuclear deal and forcing a vote of confidence, which Singh's government survived.
The 2009 elections adopted re-drawn electoral constituencies based on the 2001 census, following the 2002 Delimitation Commission of India, whose recommendations were approved in February 2008.
In the 2009 general elections, 499 out of the total 543 Parliamentary constituencies were newly delimited constituencies. This affected the National Capital Region of Delhi, the Union Territory of Puducherry and all the states except Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Manipur and Nagaland. While comparing election results, it must be borne in mind that in many instances a constituency with the same name may reflect a significantly different population demographic as well as a slightly altered geographical region.
As in the 2004 election, this election was also conducted completely using electronic voting machines (EVMs), with 1,368,430 voting machines deployed across the country.
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2009 Indian general election
General elections were held in India in five phases between 16 April 2009 and 13 May 2009 to elect the members of the fifteenth Lok Sabha. With a registered electorate of 716 million and a turnout of 417 million voters, it was the largest democratic election in the world until being surpassed by the 2014 general election.
By constitutional requirement, elections to the Lok Sabha must be held every five years or when Parliament is dissolved by the president. The previous elections were held in May 2004; the term of the 14th Lok Sabha would have naturally expired on 1 June 2009. The elections were organised by the Election Commission of India (ECI) and were held in multiple phases to better handle the large electorate and security concerns. In February 2009, Rs.11.20 billion ($200.5 million) was budgeted for election expenses by parliament.
A total of 8,070 candidates contested 543 seats elected in single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting. The National Democratic Alliance (NDA), led by the official opposition, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and the newly formed Third Front, led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) and mainly constituted of regional parties, challenged the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, making the election a triangular fight. Voter turnout over all five phases was around 58%. The results of the election were announced within three days of phase five, on 16 May.
The UPA returned to government with an increased majority, with strong results in Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal; in all, there was support from 322 of the 543 elected members, including external support from the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), Samajwadi Party (SP), Janata Dal (Secular) (JD(S)), Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) and other minor parties. Manmohan Singh became the first prime minister since Jawaharlal Nehru in 1962 to be re-elected after completing a full five-year term. He was sworn in to his second term by President Pratibha Patil on 22 May 2009 in the Ashoka Hall, Rashtrapati Bhavan. He would go on to complete a full five-year term; however, the UPA would lose to the NDA in a landslide in the next election.
The election, while following the normal five-year cycle, came after a break in the first UPA alliance after the left parties withdrew their support due to the Indo-US nuclear deal and forcing a vote of confidence, which Singh's government survived.
The 2009 elections adopted re-drawn electoral constituencies based on the 2001 census, following the 2002 Delimitation Commission of India, whose recommendations were approved in February 2008.
In the 2009 general elections, 499 out of the total 543 Parliamentary constituencies were newly delimited constituencies. This affected the National Capital Region of Delhi, the Union Territory of Puducherry and all the states except Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Manipur and Nagaland. While comparing election results, it must be borne in mind that in many instances a constituency with the same name may reflect a significantly different population demographic as well as a slightly altered geographical region.
As in the 2004 election, this election was also conducted completely using electronic voting machines (EVMs), with 1,368,430 voting machines deployed across the country.
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