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Abu Hanifa Mosque
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Abu Hanifa Mosque
The Abu Hanifa Mosque (Arabic: مسجد أبي حنيفة, romanized: Masjid Abī Hanīfa), also known as the Grand Imam Mosque (Arabic: جامع الإمام الأعظم, romanized: Jāmi` al-imām al-aʿdham), is a Sunni mosque and shrine, located in the A'dhamiyya district of northern Baghdad, in the Baghdad Governorate of Iraq. The complex is one of the most prominent mosques in Baghdad, that is built around the tomb of Islamic scholar Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man, the founder of the Hanafi school, an Islamic school of Islamic religious jurisprudence.
Over the centuries, the complex has undergone many changes. Including demolishing by outside forces, reconstructions, and expansions. The mosque is located in the A'dhamiyya district, named after Abu Hanifa's reverential epithet al-imām al-aʿdham ("The Great Leader").
Caliph Abu Ja'far al-Mansur offered Abu Hanifa to be Qadi al-qudat, chief judge, but he refused, which caused him being tortured and put in prison. He was lashed 110 lashes until he agreed. Al-Mansur ordered Abu Hanifa to make fatwas that expand the caliph's authority, which Abu Hanifa disagreed to do, leading him back to prison.[page needed]
While he was in prison, Abu Hanifa died in 150 AH / 767 CE in Baghdad, either from being poisoned or from old age.[page needed] He was buried in al-Khayzuran Cemetery, named after al-Khayzuran bint Atta that was buried in it, 23 years after Abu Hanifa was.[page needed] It was said that his funeral was attended by 50,000 people, and was attended by al-Mansur himself.[page needed]
During the Buwayhid rule of the Abbasid Caliphate, in 375 AH (985/986 CE), a medium-sized mosque was built near Abu Hanifa's tomb, by the orders of Samsam al-Dawla. It was said that Abu Ja'far al-Zammam built a hall inside of the mosque in 379 AH.[page needed]
Later, in 459 AH / 1066 CE, the Grand Vizier of the Seljuk Emperor Alp Arslan, Abu Saad al-Khwarizmi or al-Mustawfi, built a shrine for Abu Hanifa in the mosque, along with a white Dome. Al-Khwarizmi also built a school near the mosque, named the Great Imam School, for teaching the Hanafi madhab. According to Ibn Khallikan, the school was opened on September 22, 1067, therefore, the Great Imam school is the first school in Baghdad.[page needed] It took four months and a half to build the school (from January 8, 1067 to May 15, 1067).
The Amir [Abu Saad al-Khwarizmi] wanted to go back to the palace of the sultan, Alp Arslan. He went on Jamadi al-Akhira 27, 459 AH (May 15, 1067 CE). During his time in Baghdad, he built a great high dome on Abu Hanifa's tomb, and spent a lot of money on it. He built a malban and made it high, just like the shrines of the family of Ali ibn Abu Talib. He built a hallway for it and a nave, making it a big mosque. He built a school for the followers of Abu Hanifa and brought teachers for them and gave them much money to spend. He did a good job in that matter.
— Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Mir'at al-zaman
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Abu Hanifa Mosque
The Abu Hanifa Mosque (Arabic: مسجد أبي حنيفة, romanized: Masjid Abī Hanīfa), also known as the Grand Imam Mosque (Arabic: جامع الإمام الأعظم, romanized: Jāmi` al-imām al-aʿdham), is a Sunni mosque and shrine, located in the A'dhamiyya district of northern Baghdad, in the Baghdad Governorate of Iraq. The complex is one of the most prominent mosques in Baghdad, that is built around the tomb of Islamic scholar Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man, the founder of the Hanafi school, an Islamic school of Islamic religious jurisprudence.
Over the centuries, the complex has undergone many changes. Including demolishing by outside forces, reconstructions, and expansions. The mosque is located in the A'dhamiyya district, named after Abu Hanifa's reverential epithet al-imām al-aʿdham ("The Great Leader").
Caliph Abu Ja'far al-Mansur offered Abu Hanifa to be Qadi al-qudat, chief judge, but he refused, which caused him being tortured and put in prison. He was lashed 110 lashes until he agreed. Al-Mansur ordered Abu Hanifa to make fatwas that expand the caliph's authority, which Abu Hanifa disagreed to do, leading him back to prison.[page needed]
While he was in prison, Abu Hanifa died in 150 AH / 767 CE in Baghdad, either from being poisoned or from old age.[page needed] He was buried in al-Khayzuran Cemetery, named after al-Khayzuran bint Atta that was buried in it, 23 years after Abu Hanifa was.[page needed] It was said that his funeral was attended by 50,000 people, and was attended by al-Mansur himself.[page needed]
During the Buwayhid rule of the Abbasid Caliphate, in 375 AH (985/986 CE), a medium-sized mosque was built near Abu Hanifa's tomb, by the orders of Samsam al-Dawla. It was said that Abu Ja'far al-Zammam built a hall inside of the mosque in 379 AH.[page needed]
Later, in 459 AH / 1066 CE, the Grand Vizier of the Seljuk Emperor Alp Arslan, Abu Saad al-Khwarizmi or al-Mustawfi, built a shrine for Abu Hanifa in the mosque, along with a white Dome. Al-Khwarizmi also built a school near the mosque, named the Great Imam School, for teaching the Hanafi madhab. According to Ibn Khallikan, the school was opened on September 22, 1067, therefore, the Great Imam school is the first school in Baghdad.[page needed] It took four months and a half to build the school (from January 8, 1067 to May 15, 1067).
The Amir [Abu Saad al-Khwarizmi] wanted to go back to the palace of the sultan, Alp Arslan. He went on Jamadi al-Akhira 27, 459 AH (May 15, 1067 CE). During his time in Baghdad, he built a great high dome on Abu Hanifa's tomb, and spent a lot of money on it. He built a malban and made it high, just like the shrines of the family of Ali ibn Abu Talib. He built a hallway for it and a nave, making it a big mosque. He built a school for the followers of Abu Hanifa and brought teachers for them and gave them much money to spend. He did a good job in that matter.
— Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Mir'at al-zaman
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