As-Sanamayn
As-Sanamayn
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As-Sanamayn

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As-Sanamayn

As-Sanamayn (Arabic: ٱلصَّنَمَيْن, romanizedaṣ-Ṣanamayn, also spelled Sanamain or Sanamein) is a city in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate and the center of as-Sanamayn District. It is located 55 kilometres (34 miles) north of Daraa and 50 kilometres (31 miles) south of Damascus. Nearby localities include Kafr Shams to the northwest, Deir al-Bukht to the north, Jabab to the northeast, Bassir to the east, Tubna to the southeast, Inkhil to the southwest and Qayta to the west. As-Sanamayn has an altitude of 640 metres (2,100 feet).

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), as-Sanamayn had a population of 26,268 in the 2004 census. In addition to being capital of the al-Sanamayn District, the city is also the administrative center and second largest locality of the al-Sanamayn nahiyah ("subdistrict") which consists of 16 localities with a collective population of 113,316 in 2004. The city's inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

The city is administratively affiliated with many cities and towns such as Inkhil in the southwest, Qayta, Al-Hara and Aqraba in the west, Kafr Shams and Deir Al-Adas in the northwest, Kafr Nasij and Deir Al-Bakht in the north, Ghabagheb, Jabab and Muthabin in the northeast, Basir in the east, Khabab and Tubna in the southeast and Al-Qaniya in the south.

The name as-Sanamayn is Arabic for "the Two Idols."

Throughout its long history, the two idols have had several names, the last of which was its current name, which goes back to the presence of two distinct idols in the city during the Islamic conquest, so the city was named after these two statues.

As-Sanamayn has been identified with the Roman-era village of Aere, a station mentioned in the Antonine Itinerary on the road between Damascus to the north and Nawa to the south. A temple in as-Sanamayn dedicated to Tyche, the Greek goddess of fortune, has been dated to 191 CE. Another was apparently dedicated to Tyche's Roman equivalent, Fortuna, who was central to Bosra's state cult; it dates from the early to mid-3rd-century CE, during the reign of emperor Septimius Severus. A Batanean inscription from the reign of Roman emperor Julian the Apostate in the mid to late 4th-century was discovered in as-Sanamayn.

As-Sanamayn has also been associated with Bathyra, a village situated on the border between Batanaea and Trachonitis, where circa 7 BCE Herod established a Jewish Babylonian military colony under the leadership of Zamaris to safeguard the area from local brigands.

As-Sanamayn had its own governor under Ikhshidid rule (939–969) until 945 when the Banu Uqayl was entrusted with governing the Hauran region.

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