Rukan ad-Dīn ʿAlī Mardān Khaljī (Bengali: রোকনউদ্দীন আলী মর্দান খলজী, Persian: ركن الدین علی مردان خلجی) was a 13th-century governor of Bengal, a member of the Khalji dynasty of Bengal.

He was a son of Mardan Khalji of the Khalaj tribe, a tribe originally of Turkic origin that after migration from Turkistan had later settled in Afghanistan, being Afghanized and adopting Afghan customs over a period of 200 years before entering South Asia.

Ali Mardan Khalji returned to Bengal in 1210 and replaced Iwaz Khalji as the region's governor. However, he only ruled for two years as his cruelty and brutality produced disgust among the courtiers. Some of his actions included banishing popular nobles from Bengal who he did not get along with. The Khalji nobles plotted against him, had him assassinated in 1212, and Iwaz Khalji was restored as Bengal's governor.