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Am Yisrael Chai

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Am Yisrael Chai

Am Yisrael Chai (Hebrew: עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל חַי, pronounced [am jisʁaˈʔel χaj] ; lit.'The People of Israel Live') is a solidarity slogan to express the strength and solidarity of the Jewish nation and as an affirmation of Jewish continuity and identity, typically during times of heightened adversity. To this end, it has historically featured in Jewish music, literature, art, and politics.

The phrase gained popular use in 1965 when songwriter Shlomo Carlebach composed the song "Am Yisrael Chai" as the anthem of the Student Struggle for Soviet Jewry (SSSJ) movement. According to The Forward, the slogan ranks second as an anthem of the Jewish people behind only Hatikvah, the national anthem of Israel.

A version of "Am Yisrael Chai" featured in early Zionism, appearing as early as 1895 in a songbook. It was set to many different tunes, and printed with sheet music in Popular Jewish Melodies (1927). The slogan was also used in American Zionist publications such as The Mast (1917) and Haivri (1921).

At the Second World Jewish Conference in 1933 to encourage and coordinate an economic boycott of the newly empowered Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party, Hungarian-American rabbi Stephen Samuel Wise ended the event's final address by declaring to the crowd:

"We are prepared to defend ourselves against the will of Hitler Germany to destroy. We must defend ourselves because we are a people which lives and wishes to live. My last word that I wish to speak to you is this – our people lives — Am Yisrael Chai!"

In the songbook Songs of My People (c. 1938), compiled in Chicago, the song "Am Yisrael Chai" appears.

On April 20, 1945, five days after the liberation of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, British military chaplain Leslie Hardman led a Shabbat service at the camp for a few hundred survivors. Knowing it was being recorded by Patrick Gordon Walker of the BBC, a Jewish military chaplain proclaimed "Am Yisrael Chai, the children of Israel still liveth!" after the group sang Zionist anthem Hatikvah at the conclusion of the service.

The front of the stage of a concert in Munich (in 1945/1946) by the Ex-Concentration Camp Orchestra displayed the words "Am Yisrael Chai".

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