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Anti-Quebec sentiment

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Anti-Quebec sentiment

Anti-Quebec sentiment (French: Sentiment anti-Québécois) is a form of prejudice which is expressed toward the government, culture, and/or the francophone people of Quebec. This prejudice must be distinguished from legitimate criticism of Quebec society or the Government of Quebec, though the question of what qualifies as legitimate criticism and mere prejudice is itself controversial. Quebec bashing is sometimes presented as legitimate criticism of Quebec society, government, or public policies.

The French-language media in Quebec, particularly Quebecor, has termed anti-Quebec sentiment Québec bashing—what it perceives as hateful, anti-Quebec coverage in the English-language media. It mostly cites examples from the English-Canadian media, and occasionally in coverage from other countries, often based on Canadian sources. Some sovereignist journalists and academics noted that unfavourable depictions of the province by the media increased in the late 1990s after the unsuccessful 1995 Quebec referendum on independence. Quebec-bashing has been denounced as dishonest, false, defamatory prejudiced, racist, colonialist, or hate speech by many people of all origins and political colours in Quebec.

French-speaking Quebecers have been criticized by English-speaking Quebecers, who argue they are discriminated against because the law requires French to be the only work language in large companies since 1977. The expression pure laine ("pure wool") to denote Quebecers of French descent has also often been cited as a manifestation of discriminatory attitudes. Pure laine has been characterized as an expression of racial exclusion in Quebec, but countercritics claim the term is obsolete and seldom used.

Critics note the low percentage of minority participation in any level of the Quebec public services. Some efforts have been made to increase the percentage of minorities in the Montreal Police Force and the public service of Quebec (such as the Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, the Ministry of Health and Social Services); they are largely European-Canadian francophones.

Language laws in Quebec that promote the use of French and restrict the use of English are justified as necessary to preserve and to strengthen the French language within the province. They are criticized as reinforcing barriers for non-French speakers. The Commission de la protection de la langue française [fr] (CPLF) and the Office québécois de la langue française (OQLF) merged in 2002 and enforce the Charter of the French Language; it has been derided as the "language police." It has been criticized for enforcing sign laws—laws requiring that French wording dominate English and other languages on commercial signs. English-speaking Quebecers strongly oppose the sign laws. The public servants of the OQLF have sometimes been compared to the Gestapo or "brown shirts."

Quebec is a province within Canada. It has a French-speaking majority. According to the 2016 census, 77.1% of Quebec residents cite French alone as their mother tongue and 84.5% use French as their primary first official language of Canada. In contrast, the rest of Canada has a majority of English-speakers; 70.6% cite English alone as their mother tongue. While 86.2% of Canada's population report being able to "conduct a conversation in English," only 29.8% of Canadians report being able to hold a conversation in French, according to Statistics Canada.

Before 1763, most of the land that is now in the Province of Quebec was part of New France, an area of North America that was colonized by France. After the defeat of France in the Seven Years' War, the territory was ceded to Great Britain and became a British colony. It was united with the future province of Ontario in 1840, and finally a became a province of Canada in 1867 after confederation.[citation needed]

An early Quebec nationalist movement emerged in the 1820s under the Parti Patriote, which argued for greater autonomy within the British Empire and at times flirted with the idea of independence. The Lower Canada Rebellion was suppressed by government forces at roughly the same time as the failure of a similar rebellion among English Canadians in what is now Ontario. After the suppression of the rebellion, Quebec gradually became a more conservative society in which the Roman Catholic Church occupied a more dominant position.

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