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Bishop of London

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Bishop of London

The bishop of London is diocesan bishop of the diocese of London in the Church of England. The bishop's seat, or cathedra, is at St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. The diocese covers most of northern and western Greater London north of the River Thames and the district of Spelthorne in Surrey, an area approximately corresponding to the City and the historic county of Middlesex.

The bishop is third in seniority in the Church of England after the archbishops of Canterbury and York, and is one of five bishops who have an automatic right to sit as one of the 26 Lords Spiritual in the House of Lords. Since 1723 is has also been custom for the bishop to be appointed dean of the Chapel Royal. The bishop's residence is The Old Deanery, Dean's Court, City of London.

Sarah Mullally is the 134th bishop of London. She was confirmed on 8 March 2018 after acting in post immediately after her canonical election on 25 January 2018. The bishop has had direct episcopal oversight in the Two Cities area (the City of London and the City of Westminster) since the institution of the London area scheme in 1979.

The first mention of Christianity in England comes from Tertullian, possibly writing in the early 200s, but the first mention of an implied church in London relates to a Bishop of London, either Restitus or Aldephius, attending the Council of Arles in 314 AD.

The location of Londinium's original cathedral is uncertain. The present structure of St Peter upon Cornhill was designed by Christopher Wren following the Great Fire in 1666 and stands upon the highest point in the area of old Londinium, but possibly more significantly directly above the location of a pagan shrine room (aedes) within the great Roman London basilica.

There is a medieval tradition which maintains the church was founded by King Lucius in AD 199. If St Peter's was built in the Roman era, it would make the church contemporaneous to the Romano-British church at Silchester, similarly built adjacent to the Roman Basilica and most likely pre-Constantine in age.

Some caution may be exercised in this respect however, as other research suggests it very rare for early English Christian churches to be founded in pagan temples, and that when temples were turned into churches, this occurred later, in the late sixth century onwards. Historians seem to be more confident that early English Christian churches met in private homes, and that some Roman villas also installed places of Christian worship.

Whether the Lucius story is a fiction, or whether there was actually a church deliberately erected over the shrine room is unclear and could only be settled by archaeological exploration under St Peter's. However, it is interesting that whilst four medieval churches were built around the same time on the foundations of the Roman Basilica and forum, the London city authorities in 1417 determined that St Peter's dated back to Roman times, and indeed was the original seat of English Christianity. This suggests there may have been something extra in St Peter's location and longevity which justifies it predating the others.

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