Recent from talks
Atrociraptor
Knowledge base stats:
Talk channels stats:
Members stats:
Atrociraptor
Atrociraptor (/əˌtrɑːsiˈræptər/) is a genus of dromaeosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous in what is now Alberta, Canada. The first specimen, a partial skull, was discovered in 1995 by the fossil collector Wayne Marshall in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, about 5 km (3 mi) from the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology where it was brought for preparation. In 2004, the specimen became the holotype of the new genus and species Atrociraptor marshalli; the generic name is Latin for "savage robber", and the specific name refers to Marshall. The holotype consists of the premaxillae (frontmost bones of the upper jaw), a maxilla (main bone of the upper jaw), the dentaries (tooth-bearing bones of the lower jaw), associated teeth, and other skull fragments. Isolated teeth from the same formation have since been assigned to Atrociraptor.
Estimated to have measured about 1.8–2 m (5.9–6.6 ft) in length and weighed 15 kg (33 lb), Atrociraptor was a relatively small dromaeosaurid. As a dromaeosaurid, it would have had a large sickle-claw on the second toe and pennaceous feathers. Atrociraptor differs from its contemporary relatives in that its face is much deeper, and its teeth are more strongly inclined backwards than in most other dromaeosaurids and are almost all the same size. It also differed from most relatives in details of the skull, such as the part of the premaxilla below the nostril being taller than long, and in that its maxillary fenestra was larger. The fragmentary nature of the holotype has made the exact relations of Atrociraptor uncertain; it was initially thought to be a velociraptorine, but is now considered a saurornitholestine.
Atrociraptor is thought to have been specialised for attacking larger prey than other dromaeosaurids, due to its deep snout. Various ideas for how dromaeosaurids used their sickle-claws have been proposed, and 21st-century studies suggest they used them to grasp and restrain struggling prey while dismembering them with the mouth. The holotype specimen is known from the Horsethief Member of the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, which dates to the Maastrichtian age, and ranges from around 72.2–71.5 million years ago. Assigned teeth from other parts of the formation indicate it survived for over 2 million years and across a wide geographic area.
In 1995, the part-time fossil collector Wayne Marshall discovered a partial skull of a dromaeosaurid (commonly called "raptor") dinosaur in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Drumheller in Alberta, Canada, about 5 km (3 mi) west of the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology. Marshall had previously worked in the museum's mounting shop, helping to construct exhibits until the museum opened in 1985, and reported fossils to museum staff as he found them over the years. Jaw fragments and teeth eroding from the hillside led to the discovery of the dromaeosaur specimen; Marshall collected the loose fossil fragments and delivered them to the palaeontologist Philip J. Currie at the museum, and the remaining parts were later collected. Much of the specimen was in a relatively hard block of sandstone, and preparation revealed the right maxilla (main bone of the upper jaw) exposed in outer side-view and the right dentary (tooth-bearing bone of the lower jaw) exposed in inner side view, and both of these bones were left in the block.
In 2004, Currie and the palaeontologist David Varricchio made the specimen (catalogued as RTMP 95.166.1) the holotype of the new genus and species Atrociraptor marshalli. The generic name is derived from the Latin words atrox, which means 'savage', and raptor, 'robber'. The specific name references Marshall, the discoverer, and the full name can be translated as "Marshall's savage robber". Since then, Marshall has led the museum staff to many important finds. In all, the holotype preserves both premaxillae (frontmost bone of the upper jaw, freed from the rock matrix), a right maxilla, both dentaries (the left one is incomplete), associated teeth (some having fallen out of their sockets prior to fossilisation), and numerous bone fragments from the skull. The specimen was not fully prepared by the time of its original description, so in 2022, the palaeontologist Mark J. Powers and colleagues used computed tomography to visualise further details of the skull. Numerous isolated teeth from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation (some of which had originally been assigned to Saurornitholestes) have since been assigned to Atrociraptor. Some of these were found in a bonebed in Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, which also preserves multiple Albertosaurus individuals.
Atrociraptor was featured in the 2022 film Jurassic World Dominion, with the director describing it as more "brutish" than Velociraptor as it appears in the film. A /Film writer commented that while Atrociraptor "might sound like another made-up hybrid dinosaur invented for the Jurassic World films ... it's a very real dino with its own Wiki page and everything".
Atrociraptor was a relatively small dromaeosaurid, comparable to Velociraptor in size, and is estimated to have measured about 1.8–2 m (5.9–6.6 ft) in length and weighed 15 kg (33 lb). As a dromaeosaur, it would have had large arms, a long tail with vertebrae encased in rod-like extensions, and a large sickle-claw on the robust, hyper-extendible second toe. Fossils of other dromaeosaurids, such as Zhenyuanlong, show that even relatively large members of the group had pennaceous feathers, with large wings on the arms and long feathers on the tail. Atrociraptor does not have autapomorphies (unique diagnostic features) that can be used to distinguish it, but it has a unique combination of features that is so far unknown in relatives. Atrociraptor mainly differs from its contemporary relatives Bambiraptor, Saurornitholestes, and Velociraptor in that its face is much deeper, and in that its maxillary teeth are more strongly inclined backwards than in most other dromaeosaurids, and in the teeth being almost all the same size.
The relatively deep premaxillae have four teeth each, the same number as in other dromaeosaurids. The part of the premaxilla below the nostril is taller than long from front to back, as in Deinonychus, Utahraptor, and perhaps Dromaeosaurus, while the opposite is the case for Bambiraptor, Saurornitholestes, and Velociraptor. There is an elongated extension below the nostril, the subnarial process, that is wedged between the nasal bone and the maxilla, as in other dromaeosaurids. The almost parallel subnarial and internarial (above the nostrils) processes are oriented more upwards than hindwards due to the depth of the snout, unlike in other dromaeosaurids where the opposite is true. The shallow depression on the side of the premaxilla that marks the lower front limit of the nostril opening is nested between the subnarial and internarial processes, while it extends further to the front in Velociraptor.
Hub AI
Atrociraptor AI simulator
(@Atrociraptor_simulator)
Atrociraptor
Atrociraptor (/əˌtrɑːsiˈræptər/) is a genus of dromaeosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous in what is now Alberta, Canada. The first specimen, a partial skull, was discovered in 1995 by the fossil collector Wayne Marshall in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, about 5 km (3 mi) from the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology where it was brought for preparation. In 2004, the specimen became the holotype of the new genus and species Atrociraptor marshalli; the generic name is Latin for "savage robber", and the specific name refers to Marshall. The holotype consists of the premaxillae (frontmost bones of the upper jaw), a maxilla (main bone of the upper jaw), the dentaries (tooth-bearing bones of the lower jaw), associated teeth, and other skull fragments. Isolated teeth from the same formation have since been assigned to Atrociraptor.
Estimated to have measured about 1.8–2 m (5.9–6.6 ft) in length and weighed 15 kg (33 lb), Atrociraptor was a relatively small dromaeosaurid. As a dromaeosaurid, it would have had a large sickle-claw on the second toe and pennaceous feathers. Atrociraptor differs from its contemporary relatives in that its face is much deeper, and its teeth are more strongly inclined backwards than in most other dromaeosaurids and are almost all the same size. It also differed from most relatives in details of the skull, such as the part of the premaxilla below the nostril being taller than long, and in that its maxillary fenestra was larger. The fragmentary nature of the holotype has made the exact relations of Atrociraptor uncertain; it was initially thought to be a velociraptorine, but is now considered a saurornitholestine.
Atrociraptor is thought to have been specialised for attacking larger prey than other dromaeosaurids, due to its deep snout. Various ideas for how dromaeosaurids used their sickle-claws have been proposed, and 21st-century studies suggest they used them to grasp and restrain struggling prey while dismembering them with the mouth. The holotype specimen is known from the Horsethief Member of the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, which dates to the Maastrichtian age, and ranges from around 72.2–71.5 million years ago. Assigned teeth from other parts of the formation indicate it survived for over 2 million years and across a wide geographic area.
In 1995, the part-time fossil collector Wayne Marshall discovered a partial skull of a dromaeosaurid (commonly called "raptor") dinosaur in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Drumheller in Alberta, Canada, about 5 km (3 mi) west of the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology. Marshall had previously worked in the museum's mounting shop, helping to construct exhibits until the museum opened in 1985, and reported fossils to museum staff as he found them over the years. Jaw fragments and teeth eroding from the hillside led to the discovery of the dromaeosaur specimen; Marshall collected the loose fossil fragments and delivered them to the palaeontologist Philip J. Currie at the museum, and the remaining parts were later collected. Much of the specimen was in a relatively hard block of sandstone, and preparation revealed the right maxilla (main bone of the upper jaw) exposed in outer side-view and the right dentary (tooth-bearing bone of the lower jaw) exposed in inner side view, and both of these bones were left in the block.
In 2004, Currie and the palaeontologist David Varricchio made the specimen (catalogued as RTMP 95.166.1) the holotype of the new genus and species Atrociraptor marshalli. The generic name is derived from the Latin words atrox, which means 'savage', and raptor, 'robber'. The specific name references Marshall, the discoverer, and the full name can be translated as "Marshall's savage robber". Since then, Marshall has led the museum staff to many important finds. In all, the holotype preserves both premaxillae (frontmost bone of the upper jaw, freed from the rock matrix), a right maxilla, both dentaries (the left one is incomplete), associated teeth (some having fallen out of their sockets prior to fossilisation), and numerous bone fragments from the skull. The specimen was not fully prepared by the time of its original description, so in 2022, the palaeontologist Mark J. Powers and colleagues used computed tomography to visualise further details of the skull. Numerous isolated teeth from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation (some of which had originally been assigned to Saurornitholestes) have since been assigned to Atrociraptor. Some of these were found in a bonebed in Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, which also preserves multiple Albertosaurus individuals.
Atrociraptor was featured in the 2022 film Jurassic World Dominion, with the director describing it as more "brutish" than Velociraptor as it appears in the film. A /Film writer commented that while Atrociraptor "might sound like another made-up hybrid dinosaur invented for the Jurassic World films ... it's a very real dino with its own Wiki page and everything".
Atrociraptor was a relatively small dromaeosaurid, comparable to Velociraptor in size, and is estimated to have measured about 1.8–2 m (5.9–6.6 ft) in length and weighed 15 kg (33 lb). As a dromaeosaur, it would have had large arms, a long tail with vertebrae encased in rod-like extensions, and a large sickle-claw on the robust, hyper-extendible second toe. Fossils of other dromaeosaurids, such as Zhenyuanlong, show that even relatively large members of the group had pennaceous feathers, with large wings on the arms and long feathers on the tail. Atrociraptor does not have autapomorphies (unique diagnostic features) that can be used to distinguish it, but it has a unique combination of features that is so far unknown in relatives. Atrociraptor mainly differs from its contemporary relatives Bambiraptor, Saurornitholestes, and Velociraptor in that its face is much deeper, and in that its maxillary teeth are more strongly inclined backwards than in most other dromaeosaurids, and in the teeth being almost all the same size.
The relatively deep premaxillae have four teeth each, the same number as in other dromaeosaurids. The part of the premaxilla below the nostril is taller than long from front to back, as in Deinonychus, Utahraptor, and perhaps Dromaeosaurus, while the opposite is the case for Bambiraptor, Saurornitholestes, and Velociraptor. There is an elongated extension below the nostril, the subnarial process, that is wedged between the nasal bone and the maxilla, as in other dromaeosaurids. The almost parallel subnarial and internarial (above the nostrils) processes are oriented more upwards than hindwards due to the depth of the snout, unlike in other dromaeosaurids where the opposite is true. The shallow depression on the side of the premaxilla that marks the lower front limit of the nostril opening is nested between the subnarial and internarial processes, while it extends further to the front in Velociraptor.
Recent media