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Capri
Capri (/ˈkæpri/ KAP-ree, US also /kəˈpriː, ˈkɑːpri/ kə-PREE, KAH-pree; Italian: [ˈkaːpri]) is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Sorrento Peninsula, on the south side of the Gulf of Naples in the Campania region of Italy. A popular resort destination since the time of the Roman Republic, its natural beauty, historic sites, and upscale tourism have made it famous worldwide.
The island is characterized by its rugged limestone landscape, sea stacks (Faraglioni), coastal grottoes including the renowned Blue Grotto, and high cliffs overlooking the sea. Notable features include the harbours of Marina Grande and Marina Piccola, the panoramic Belvedere of Tragara, the ruins of Roman imperial villas such as Villa Jovis, and the towns of Capri and Anacapri, the latter situated higher up the slopes of Monte Solaro, the island's highest point.
Administratively, Capri is part of the Metropolitan City of Naples within the Campania region. The island is divided into two municipalities (comuni): Capri and Anacapri.
The origin of the name Capri is uncertain. It may derive from the Ancient Greek κάπρος (kápros), meaning 'wild boar'. Ancient Greek colonists from Magna Graecia were the first recorded inhabitants, calling the island Kapreai (Καπρέαι). Alternatively, the name could come from the Latin capreae, meaning 'goats'. Fossils of wild boars have been found on the island, supporting the Greek etymology.[citation needed] A less likely theory suggests an Etruscan origin meaning 'rocky', referencing the island's limestone terrain.
Archaeological evidence indicates human presence on Capri dating back to the Neolithic and Bronze Age. The Roman historian Suetonius recounts that when workers excavated the foundations for Emperor Augustus's villa, they discovered giant bones and stone weapons, which Augustus displayed in his residence, the Palazzo a Mare. (Modern analysis suggests these may have been fossils of large extinct mammals).
The Roman poet Virgil, in the Aeneid, referred to the island being inhabited by Greek settlers from the Ionian Islands (the Teleboi). The geographer Strabo noted that Capri anciently had two towns, later reduced to one.
Emperor Augustus developed Capri as a private resort, building villas, temples, and aqueducts, and planting gardens. His successor, Tiberius, constructed twelve villas on the island according to Tacitus. The most famous, Villa Jovis, is one of the best-preserved Roman villas in Italy. In AD 27, Tiberius moved permanently to Capri, governing the Roman Empire from the island until his death in AD 37.[citation needed] Later, in AD 182, Emperor Commodus exiled his sister Lucilla to Capri, where she was subsequently executed.[citation needed]
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Capri came under the control of the Duchy of Naples. The island suffered raids by pirates and Saracens. In 866, Emperor Louis II granted the island to the Duchy of Amalfi. In 987, Pope John XV established the Diocese of Capri, initially as a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Amalfi. Capri remained a diocese until 1818, when it was absorbed into the Archdiocese of Sorrento. It is now listed as a titular see.
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Capri
Capri (/ˈkæpri/ KAP-ree, US also /kəˈpriː, ˈkɑːpri/ kə-PREE, KAH-pree; Italian: [ˈkaːpri]) is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Sorrento Peninsula, on the south side of the Gulf of Naples in the Campania region of Italy. A popular resort destination since the time of the Roman Republic, its natural beauty, historic sites, and upscale tourism have made it famous worldwide.
The island is characterized by its rugged limestone landscape, sea stacks (Faraglioni), coastal grottoes including the renowned Blue Grotto, and high cliffs overlooking the sea. Notable features include the harbours of Marina Grande and Marina Piccola, the panoramic Belvedere of Tragara, the ruins of Roman imperial villas such as Villa Jovis, and the towns of Capri and Anacapri, the latter situated higher up the slopes of Monte Solaro, the island's highest point.
Administratively, Capri is part of the Metropolitan City of Naples within the Campania region. The island is divided into two municipalities (comuni): Capri and Anacapri.
The origin of the name Capri is uncertain. It may derive from the Ancient Greek κάπρος (kápros), meaning 'wild boar'. Ancient Greek colonists from Magna Graecia were the first recorded inhabitants, calling the island Kapreai (Καπρέαι). Alternatively, the name could come from the Latin capreae, meaning 'goats'. Fossils of wild boars have been found on the island, supporting the Greek etymology.[citation needed] A less likely theory suggests an Etruscan origin meaning 'rocky', referencing the island's limestone terrain.
Archaeological evidence indicates human presence on Capri dating back to the Neolithic and Bronze Age. The Roman historian Suetonius recounts that when workers excavated the foundations for Emperor Augustus's villa, they discovered giant bones and stone weapons, which Augustus displayed in his residence, the Palazzo a Mare. (Modern analysis suggests these may have been fossils of large extinct mammals).
The Roman poet Virgil, in the Aeneid, referred to the island being inhabited by Greek settlers from the Ionian Islands (the Teleboi). The geographer Strabo noted that Capri anciently had two towns, later reduced to one.
Emperor Augustus developed Capri as a private resort, building villas, temples, and aqueducts, and planting gardens. His successor, Tiberius, constructed twelve villas on the island according to Tacitus. The most famous, Villa Jovis, is one of the best-preserved Roman villas in Italy. In AD 27, Tiberius moved permanently to Capri, governing the Roman Empire from the island until his death in AD 37.[citation needed] Later, in AD 182, Emperor Commodus exiled his sister Lucilla to Capri, where she was subsequently executed.[citation needed]
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Capri came under the control of the Duchy of Naples. The island suffered raids by pirates and Saracens. In 866, Emperor Louis II granted the island to the Duchy of Amalfi. In 987, Pope John XV established the Diocese of Capri, initially as a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Amalfi. Capri remained a diocese until 1818, when it was absorbed into the Archdiocese of Sorrento. It is now listed as a titular see.
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