Hubbry Logo
Commander, Submarine Force AtlanticCommander, Submarine Force AtlanticMain
Open search
Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic
Community hub
Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic
logo
8 pages, 0 posts
0 subscribers
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic
Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic
Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic
View on Wikipedia
from Wikipedia
Commander, Naval Submarine Force Atlantic
COMSUBLANT Emblem
Active1941–present
CountryUnited States of America
BranchUnited States Navy
TypeType Commander
RoleAdministrative control over specific assets
Garrison/HQNaval Support Activity Hampton Roads, Virginia
Commanders
Current
commander		Vice Admiral Robert Gaucher

The Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (a.k.a. COMNAVSUBFOR; and dual-hatted as Commander, Naval Submarine Force, Atlantic or COMSUBLANT or SUBLANT) is the Submarine Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet type commander under the United States Fleet Forces Command.

The principal responsibility of the Admiral commanding is to operate, maintain, train, and equip submarines. COMSUBLANT also has additional duties as commander of NATO's Allied Submarine Command and also Commander, Naval Submarine Forces. As Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (COMSUBFOR), an additional type commander role, he also supervises Commander, Submarine Force Pacific (often known as COMSUBPAC). From the 1960s to the 1990s the commander also held the NATO post of Commander, Submarines, Western Atlantic (COMSUBWESTLANT).

History

[edit]

Established on 7 December 1941, Rear Admiral Richard S. Edwards was its first commander. COMSUBLANT headquarters was at Naval Submarine Base New London until 1960, when it was moved to Naval Station Norfolk. U.S. submarine operations in the Atlantic, however, date from before World War I. On January 1, 1913, Lieutenant Chester W. Nimitz was in command of the Atlantic Submarine Flotilla, with First Group consisting of submarines C-2, C-3, C-4, and C-5 under Lieutenant Lewis D. Causey, and Second Group consisting of submarines D-1, D-2, D-3, E-1, and E-2 under Lieutenant (junior grade) Claudius R. Hyatt.[1] Nimitz was in command from May 1912 to March 1913.

In October 1945, Submarine Squadron 2 was established at Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut,[2] and in February 1946, Submarine Squadron 8 was commissioned at Groton.

"In correspondence of 31 January 1949, the Chief of Naval Operations directed 'that the Fleet Commanders assign one division in each fleet to [the] sole task [of solving] the problem of using submarines to detect and destroy enemy submarines. All other operations of any nature, even type training, ASW services, or fleet tactics, shall be subordinated to this mission.' After a further exchange of correspondence, Submarine Forces Atlantic established Submarine Development Group 2, consisting of four Diesel submarines, two Guppy (Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program) conversions and two standard fleet boats."[3] The initial staff included Captain Roy S. Benson, two officers and two yeomen reporting directly to him.

In 1951, Submarine Squadron 10 was established at State Pier, New London, Connecticut. The squadron has the distinction of being the only unit associated with Submarine Base New London to actually be located in New London instead of Groton. In the early 1960s Squadron 10 became the first all-nuclear United States submarine squadron. The squadron was supported by USS Fulton (AS-11) for most of its existence, until both Fulton and the squadron were decommissioned in May, 1991.

In December 1969, Submarine Squadron 8 was decommissioned.

Submarine Squadron 14 operated Fleet Ballistic Missile boats from Holy Loch, Scotland, from 1961 until it was disbanded in 1992. COMSUBLANT also oversaw Submarine Squadron 22 at La Maddalena in the Mediterranean, which existed 1972–2008 and was known as Submarine Refit and Training Group La Maddalena from 1972 to the mid-1980s. Submarine Group 8 continues to operate in support of U.S. and NATO objectives there.

On 1 May 1977, Submarine Development Group 2 was officially redesignated as Submarine Development Squadron 12 in recognition of its role and responsibilities and new organizational status. In August 1979, Submarine Squadron 8 was recommissioned in Norfolk, where it remained until consolidation with Submarine Squadron 6 on April 28, 2011.[4] On January 13, 2012, Submarine Squadron 2 similarly was disestablished, transferring its boats to Submarine Squadron 4 and Submarine Development Squadron 12.

As Commander, Task Force 42, COMSUBLANT operated Atlantic Fleet attack submarines. In addition, as Commander, Task Force 84, the previous Atlantic Fleet special surveillance and anti-submarine warfare commander, COMSUBLANT operates submarines, Maritime Patrol Aircraft, surface ships assigned by Fleet Forces Command and Integrated Undersea Surveillance System assets.

As of 2011, SUBLANT numbers 30 submarines and more than 15,000 officers, enlisted, and civilian personnel providing combat ready submarines in the Atlantic, Arctic, Eastern Pacific, and Indian Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea.

Commander, Naval Submarine Forces wrote in June 2012 on his blog: "We're not perfect. In the Submarine Force we've had some high-visibility lapses in character. You've read about them: the cheating incident on USS MEMPHIS, the fraternization between the Chief of the Boat and a female midshipman on USS NEBRASKA, an incident of hazing on USS Florida,[5] and the financial misconduct of some Supply Officers in Kings Bay. In each case, once discovered, these incidents were thoroughly investigated, and appropriate people were held accountable. This is our approach and we'll continue to address these cases swiftly and decisively."[6]

There have also been previous problems of this nature. Commander Michael J. Alfonso was relieved as Commander, Blue Crew, USS Florida (SSBN-728) in 1997 for ignoring his executive officer and browbeating his crew.

Rear Admiral Kenneth Perry, Commander, Submarine Group 2, retired on Friday, August 22, 2014, and the post of Commander Submarine Group 2 was disestablished that day.[7] The responsibilities of the 45 personnel in the group headquarters have been shifted to the individual submarine squadrons. The new arrangement, with Submarine Squadrons reporting directly to the Submarine type commander for the fleet, mirrors that functioning in the Pacific.

Units and submarines

[edit]

These are the units and assigned submarines reporting to COMSUBLANT.

[edit]

Naval Station Norfolk, in Norfolk, Virginia, is home to Submarine Group 2 and the following submarine squadrons:[8]

[edit]

Naval Submarine Base New London in Groton, Connecticut, is home to the Undersea Warfighting Development Center and the following submarine squadrons:[8]

Portsmouth Naval Shipyard

[edit]

Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, is home to the following submarine squadrons:

[edit]

Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay in St. Marys, Georgia, is home to Submarine Group 10 and the following submarine squadrons:[8]

[edit]

Naval Support Activity Naples in Naples, Italy, is home to Submarine Group 8.[8][16]

Officers serving as COMSUBLANT

[edit]
Adm. Christopher W. Grady, commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command, center, looks on as Vice Adm. William Houston, right, relieves Vice Adm. Daryl Caudle during the Commander, Submarine Forces change of command ceremony in Norfolk, Va., September 10, 2021.

The following is an incomplete list:[17]

† Wartime submarine commander

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
The Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT) is a major operational command of the responsible for directing all Atlantic-based submarines, their crews, and associated shore-based support activities to ensure undersea superiority and contribute to objectives, including strategic deterrence. Established on December 7, 1941, amid the onset of World War II, COMSUBLANT traces its origins to the U.S. Navy's early adoption of submarines, beginning with the commissioning of USS Holland (SS-1) in 1900 as the nation's first submarine. During the war, the command played a pivotal role in training submarine crews at the Naval Submarine School in New London, Connecticut—its initial headquarters—and supporting anti-submarine warfare patrols against German U-boats, while the U.S. submarine fleet grew from 111 submarines in December 1941 to over 350 by the war's end. In the postwar era, COMSUBLANT relocated its headquarters to Norfolk, Virginia, in 1960, and advanced through Cold War innovations, including the historic undersea voyage of USS Nautilus (SSN-571) in 1955—the world's first nuclear-powered submarine—which demonstrated sustained submerged operations on nuclear propulsion. Today, COMSUBLANT commands a fleet comprising 53 fast-attack submarines (SSN), 14 ballistic-missile submarines (SSBN), and 4 guided-missile submarines (SSGN), representing the most capable undersea force in U.S. history and accounting for 54% of the nation's nuclear deterrent arsenal through its SSBNs. These platforms provide unique capabilities for , , reconnaissance, strike operations, and special warfare support, enabling the to execute missions in the undersea domain while maintaining global . The command's structure includes subordinate units such as submarine squadrons (e.g., Submarine Squadron 2 in , overseeing vessels like USS North Dakota (SSN-784)), development squadrons, and groups focused on training, maintenance, and tactical development. Since December 2023, the position has been held by Vice Adm. Robert M. Gaucher, a and submariner officer with extensive experience commanding submarines like USS City of Corpus Christi (SSN-705) and leading submarine development efforts. In this tri-hatted role, Gaucher also serves as Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (the Type Commander for all U.S. submarines) and Commander, Allied Submarine Command, advising on undersea operations and integrating allied capabilities. With over 15,000 personnel under its purview, COMSUBLANT continues to evolve, emphasizing , technological integration, and readiness to counter emerging undersea threats in an era of competition.

Overview

Mission and Responsibilities

The Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (COMSUBLANT) serves as the type responsible for operating, maintaining, training, and equipping all Atlantic-based U.S. to support fleet and national tasking. This encompasses ensuring combat-ready nuclear-powered strategic deterrent and attack capable of executing missions across the Atlantic, , Eastern Pacific, Indian Oceans, and . Established on December 7, 1941, COMSUBLANT operates under U.S. Fleet Forces Command (USFF) as the principal advisor for undersea warfare matters. In addition to its core duties, the COMSUBLANT commander concurrently holds the position of Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (CNSF), which provides strategic vision and leadership for the entire U.S. submarine force while serving as the undersea domain lead. The commander also acts as Commander, Allied Submarine Command (ASC), functioning as the principal undersea warfare advisor to NATO's and . These roles emphasize integration with joint forces, allied partners, and multinational operations to enhance undersea warfighting capabilities. COMSUBLANT's oversight extends to the full spectrum of undersea warfare, focusing on readiness for strategic deterrence through ballistic missile submarines, , intelligence, surveillance, and , as well as strike operations and special forces support. By leveraging the unique advantages of stealth and concealment, it ensures submarines deliver survivable deterrent effects, maintain access in contested environments, and provide vital operational influence where surface forces cannot operate. This comprehensive approach aligns with the U.S. 's broader mission to conduct prompt and sustained combat operations in the undersea domain.

Headquarters and Command Structure

The headquarters of Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT) is located at 1430 Mitscher Avenue, , 23551-2492. This site has served as the primary administrative base since the command's relocation from , , in 1960. The of COMSUBLANT is typically a (three-star rank), who also holds dual responsibilities as , Naval Submarine Forces and Commander, Allied Submarine Command. As of 2025, Vice Adm. Robert M. Gaucher serves in this role, overseeing the strategic direction of Atlantic submarine operations. COMSUBLANT's internal structure includes key staff positions such as the Chief of Staff, held by a Captain, who manages daily administrative and operational coordination; the Force Master Chief, a senior enlisted advisor on personnel matters; and the Executive Director, a civilian role providing advisory support on resource allocation. The command reports directly to the Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command, ensuring alignment with broader naval objectives. COMSUBLANT commands over 15,000 officers, enlisted personnel, and civilians. Through its commander's role in the Allied Submarine Command, it integrates with maritime operations, facilitating joint undersea warfare capabilities across allied forces.

History

Establishment and World War II Era

The origins of submarine operations in the Atlantic Fleet trace back to the early , with the establishment of the Atlantic Submarine in May 1912 under the command of Lieutenant . Nimitz, stationed at the newly developing submarine facilities in , oversaw initial training and operations for the flotilla until March 1913, laying foundational practices for U.S. undersea warfare in the region. This early focused on building expertise in submarine handling and diesel propulsion, which would later support expanded Atlantic roles. On December 7, 1941—the same day as the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor—Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (COMSUBLANT) was formally established to centralize command of Atlantic submarine assets. Rear Admiral Richard S. Edwards, an experienced submariner who had previously commanded Submarine Squadron 6 and the Submarine Base at New London, was appointed as the first commander. Headquartered initially at Naval Submarine Base New London, COMSUBLANT's immediate priority under Edwards was to prepare existing submarines—many of which were older coastal types or reserved for Panama Canal defense—for imminent combat, including intensive crew training and operational shake-downs. During , COMSUBLANT played a critical role in the Atlantic theater by conducting anti-submarine patrols and supporting logistics against the Axis threat. Starting in , even before U.S. entry into the war, American submarines under COMSUBLANT began patrols in the Atlantic and to hunt German and Italian U-boats that were interdicting vital supply lines to Britain. These efforts involved coordination with British naval forces to counter the U-boat wolf packs, focusing on protection and to safeguard transatlantic sea lanes. COMSUBLANT submarines contributed to the broader anti-U-boat campaign through targeted patrols, training that emphasized realistic combat simulations, and logistical support, helping to mitigate the severe disruptions posed by German operations. Historical documentation of COMSUBLANT's early activities includes correspondence files from 1941-1942 detailing initial war preparations and command directives, as well as operational logs from 1943-1946 recording patrols and engagements, preserved in the National Archives and Records Administration. These records highlight Edwards' leadership in rapidly expanding the force's readiness amid the escalating Battle of the Atlantic.

Cold War and Modern Developments

Following the conclusion of World War II, the Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT) underwent significant expansion during the Cold War, driven by the rapid adoption of nuclear-powered submarines to counter Soviet naval threats. The commissioning of USS Nautilus (SSN-571) in 1955 represented a pivotal milestone, as the vessel transmitted the historic message "UNDER WAY ON NUCLEAR POWER" directly to COMSUBLANT, heralding the shift to nuclear propulsion that enhanced submerged endurance and strategic capabilities. This technological leap enabled the force to conduct pioneering operations, including Arctic under-ice transits and fully submerged global circumnavigations, while establishing the Atlantic ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) fleet as a cornerstone of nuclear deterrence. In support of this growth, COMSUBLANT relocated its headquarters from , to , in 1960, positioning it closer to key Atlantic Fleet operations and improving coordination with surface and air assets. By 1965, the establishment of Submarine Flotilla Two at further bolstered administrative and logistical capacity, allowing for the efficient management of an expanding nuclear inventory amid escalating tensions with the . These developments solidified COMSUBLANT's role in maintaining undersea superiority, with the force contributing to intelligence gathering, , and strategic patrols that were instrumental in the Cold War's outcome. Key structural changes continued into the late and immediate post- period, including the 1989 commissioning of Group 10 at , Georgia, to oversee the deployment of Ohio-class SSBNs and enhance strategic deterrence from the Atlantic seaboard. In 2006, as part of a Department of the Navy reorganization, the tri-hatted Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (CNSF)—who also serves as COMSUBLANT—assumed unified oversight of all U.S. SSBN operations across both coasts, streamlining command of the fleet under a single authority to improve operational efficiency and responsiveness. As the ended, the force adapted to emerging threats such as counter-proliferation efforts, leveraging for covert monitoring of weapons of mass destruction transfers and support to international nonproliferation initiatives in regions like the and . In the , COMSUBLANT has responded to great power competition—particularly from and —by prioritizing undersea domain awareness, stealthy , and integration of advanced technologies to maintain a competitive edge. The incorporation of Virginia-class attack submarines (SSNs), with their multi-mission capabilities for strike, , surveillance, and , has been central to this evolution, enabling operations in contested littorals and support for allied forces in scenarios. These adaptations align with broader U.S. strategies emphasizing distributed maritime operations amid peer adversaries' anti-access/area-denial capabilities. COMSUBLANT continues to evolve through modernization efforts, addressing Navy-wide challenges such as SSN delays and retirements that have impacted the overall inventory, while emphasizing acoustic superiority, unmanned undersea vehicles, and cyber-resilient systems to counter evolving threats in an era of intensified strategic rivalry.

Organization

Subordinate Groups and Squadrons

The Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT) organizes its operational assets through subordinate groups and squadrons responsible for maintaining , conducting , , and preparing for deployment. Each squadron typically oversees 4-6 , focusing on , crew proficiency, and tactical to ensure units meet deployment standards. Submarine Group 2, headquartered in Norfolk, Virginia, provides oversight for East Coast attack submarine operations, including training and maintenance coordination for its subordinate squadrons. Reestablished in September 2019, it supervises Submarine Squadrons 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12, which handle fast-attack submarines based at facilities in Norfolk, Groton (Connecticut), and Portsmouth (New Hampshire). For instance, Submarine Squadron 2 in Portsmouth manages a rotation of Virginia-class submarines, emphasizing operational tempo and readiness drills. Similarly, Submarine Squadron 12 in Groton supports emerging undersea warfare capabilities through integrated training programs. Submarine Group 10, located at , Georgia, focuses on and guided missile submarine maintenance and certification. It directs Submarine Squadrons 16 and 20, which oversee Ohio-class SSBN and SSGN operations, ensuring strategic deterrent patrols and conversion sustainment. These squadrons coordinate with support facilities like the Trident Refit Facility to validate crew and platform readiness for extended deployments. Submarine Group 8, based in , , serves as the primary operational task force for forward-deployed submarines in the European and African commands. It directs theater-level support, including tactical employment and logistics for assets operating from advanced bases, integrating with allied forces to execute national security objectives. As of 2025, this group continues to adapt to evolving undersea threats by enhancing certification processes for transiting submarines.

Training and Support Units

The Submarine Learning Center (SLC), part of the and located in , serves as the primary training hub for submarine personnel supporting operations under Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT), delivering individual and team-based instruction to enhance operational readiness. It employs advanced simulators, such as the Pressurized Submarine Escape Trainer, and modern learning technologies to train officers and enlisted sailors in core skills, including operations and warfare tactics. The SLC oversees specialized courses on stealth techniques and sonar systems, ensuring crews maintain proficiency in undersea stealth and detection capabilities essential for Atlantic Fleet missions. Logistical support units under COMSUBLANT include the Trident Refit Facility (TRF) at Kings Bay, Georgia, which specializes in maintenance and refit for Ohio-class SSBN and SSGN submarines, performing overhauls to sustain strategic deterrence platforms. Complementing TRF, the Naval Submarine Support Center (NSSC) at Kings Bay handles repairs, weapons systems integration—such as Tomahawk missile loading—and logistical sustainment for these vessels, enabling rapid return to operational status. The Undersea Warfighting Development Center (UWDC), headquartered at with detachments in and , develops and refines tactics, doctrine, and training for undersea superiority, including integration of weapons systems and assessment of platform performance. UWDC supports simulator-based training and advances capabilities in , stealth, cyber defense, and unmanned undersea vehicle (UUV) operations to counter evolving threats. These units collectively ensure COMSUBLANT's submarines receive comprehensive sustainment and skill development, thereby supporting subordinate squadrons through shared resources for certification.

Bases and Facilities

Naval Station Norfolk serves as the primary headquarters for Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (COMSUBLANT), located at 1430 Mitscher Avenue in , hosting administrative and operational functions for the Atlantic submarine force since 1960. As the homeport for numerous nuclear-powered attack submarines (SSNs), it provides critical pier-side infrastructure, logistics, and berthing for vessels undergoing maintenance, crew training, and preparation for deployments. Additionally, it has historically supported submarine tenders, such as (AS-39), which provides repair and sustainment services to SSNs. Parts of Submarine Squadron 8 (CSS-8) and 12 (CSS-12) are stationed at the base, with CSS-8 fully headquartered there since its reestablishment in 2022, overseeing operations for submarines like (SSN-785). These squadrons manage tactical control, crew rotations, and readiness for assigned SSNs, facilitating seamless integration into broader fleet exercises and missions. The base's facilities enable efficient maintenance cycles, including dry-docking at nearby and intermediate repairs, ensuring submarines can transition rapidly from upkeep to operational status in support of objectives. As the world's largest naval base, spanning over 3,400 acres with 14 miles of waterfront, Naval Station Norfolk integrates COMSUBLANT activities with U.S. Fleet Forces Command, enabling coordinated Atlantic Fleet operations that enhance undersea warfare capabilities. In 2025, it supports a mix of Virginia-class and legacy Los Angeles-class submarines, with at least six Virginia-class SSNs homeported there, including recent arrivals like USS Oregon (SSN-793), underscoring its role in modernizing the submarine force amid ongoing transitions from older platforms. Naval Submarine Base New London, located in , is designated as the "Home of the Submarine Force" and plays a pivotal role in supporting the Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT) by providing essential basing, training, and operational readiness for Atlantic Fleet submarines. Originally established as a naval yard and storage depot on April 11, 1868, the facility transitioned to submarine operations with the arrival of the first U.S. Navy submarines—G-1, G-2, and G-4—on October 18, 1915, accompanied by tenders USS Ozark and USS Tonopah. It was officially designated as the Navy's first permanent submarine base on June 21, 1916, under Commander Yeates Stirling Jr., marking the site of the initial U.S. formation shortly thereafter. This historic base spans approximately 687 acres along the Thames River and has since become the primary East Coast hub for submarine activities under COMSUBLANT. The base hosts the Submarine Force Library and Museum, which preserves the legacy of U.S. operations and features the decommissioned USS Nautilus (SSN-571), the world's first nuclear-powered , as a centerpiece exhibit since 1985. As a training-centric facility, it encompasses the Naval School and Learning Center, where nearly every submariner in the Navy receives foundational and advanced instruction, including operations in simulated environments. These institutions emphasize conceptual and practical skills essential for , contributing directly to COMSUBLANT's mission of maintaining a ready force. Key units stationed at the base include Commander, Submarine Group 2 (COMSUBGRU 2), which oversees training and for submarines, along with Submarine Squadrons 2 and 4, responsible for the operational of assigned vessels. It serves as the homeport for approximately 15 Virginia-class and Los Angeles-class nuclear-powered attack submarines (SSNs), supporting their maintenance, crew rotations, and deployment preparations in alignment with Atlantic Fleet objectives. As of 2025, the base remains central to submariner schooling and advanced simulator operations, utilizing state-of-the-art facilities to enhance tactical proficiency and fleet . With over 70 tenant commands, the installation employs around 9,500 active-duty, reserve, and civilian personnel, fostering a comprehensive support ecosystem for COMSUBLANT's submarine operations.

Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, New Hampshire

The is located on Seavey's Island in , along the that forms the border between and . Established on June 12, 1800, during the , it is the oldest continuously operating shipyard in the United States and has evolved from building wooden warships to becoming a premier facility for nuclear-powered work. As a major repair and modernization facility under the Naval Sea Systems Command, the shipyard specializes in nuclear submarine refits, including overhauls, repairs, modernizations, and refuelings for the U.S. Navy's attack submarine fleet. It performs depot-level maintenance for Los Angeles-class (SSN 688) and Virginia-class (SSN 774) submarines, ensuring their operational readiness through complex tasks such as reactor refueling and system upgrades; for example, in December 2024, it delivered the USS Texas (SSN 775) after a major maintenance period that restored its battle-ready status. The shipyard supports maintenance needs for submarines assigned to Submarine Squadrons 6 and 10 under Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (COMSUBLANT), handling intricate depot repairs that exceed operational and intermediate-level capabilities. As of 2025, the shipyard is undergoing significant expansions to prepare for future programs, including infrastructure upgrades to support the Columbia-class submarines, such as the delivery of the final component by the on-site Naval and Propeller Center in April 2025. These efforts include a $1.87 billion project, approximately halfway complete, aimed at increasing capacity for multiple availabilities simultaneously. The facility employs around 7,700 civilian workers, who contribute to its role as a critical industrial hub for the Navy's sustainment. Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay was established on July 1, 1978, initially as a developmental Naval Submarine Support Base to support the forward refurbishment needs of Submarine Squadron 16 and the emerging ballistic missile submarine program. Over the following decade, the base expanded significantly to become the primary East Coast homeport for Ohio-class ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) and guided missile submarines (SSGNs), enabling the U.S. Navy to maintain a robust sea-based nuclear deterrent capability. This strategic positioning adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean facilitates the basing and sustainment of these submarines, which form a critical component of national defense by providing continuous underwater nuclear deterrence patrols. The base hosts Commander, Submarine Group 10, which was commissioned on January 1, 1989, as the senior subordinate command overseeing submarine operations at Kings Bay under the broader authority of Commander, Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet. Submarine Group 10 manages the tactical readiness and deployment scheduling of its assigned forces, including 16 and 20, both of which are stationed at the base and focus on the operational support of Ohio-class submarines. These squadrons handle pier-side maintenance, crew training, and logistical preparations to ensure the submarines can execute extended deterrent missions with high reliability. A key facility at Kings Bay is the Trident Refit Facility, established to perform specialized maintenance on II (D5) missile systems and submarine components, including the inspection, repair, and replacement of missile tubes and launch systems. This facility supports the planned equipment replacement program for Ohio-class submarines, conducting incremental upgrades during docking periods to extend service life and maintain strategic weapon system integrity without interrupting fleet availability. As of 2025, the base homeports six Ohio-class SSBNs—USS Alaska (SSBN-732), USS Tennessee (SSBN-734), USS West Virginia (SSBN-736), USS Maryland (SSBN-738), USS Rhode Island (SSBN-740), and USS Wyoming (SSBN-742)—along with two SSGNs, USS Florida (SSGN-728) and , all contributing to the Navy's strategic deterrence posture. Kings Bay's infrastructure supports ongoing expansion to accommodate future platforms, including preparations for the Columbia-class SSBN program, with investments in waterfront facilities, dry docks, and support systems to ensure seamless transition and sustained operational capacity. The base employs nearly 10,000 military, civilian, and contractor personnel, encompassing active-duty sailors, technical experts, and logistics specialists who collectively sustain the submarines' , weapons handling, and crew welfare requirements. This workforce enables the base to serve as a cornerstone of the Atlantic Fleet's strategic submarine force, with all East Coast SSBN operations unified under Submarine Force Atlantic since 2006.

Other Overseas and Support Facilities

The primary overseas facility supporting the Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT) is Naval Support Activity (NSA) in , which serves as the headquarters for Commander, Submarine Group 8 (CSG 8). Established in 1963 as Submarine Flotilla Eight at the Allied Forces Southern Europe (AFSOUTH) Post Bagnoli, the command relocated to NSA in 1974 and was redesignated COMSUBGRU EIGHT in 1967. CSG 8 operates as an administrative command under COMSUBLANT while providing operational control for U.S. submarines in the Mediterranean through Task Force 64 (for ballistic missile submarines) and Task Force 69 (for attack submarines) under the U.S. 6th Fleet. CSG 8's mission focuses on directing and supporting operations within U.S. European Command (EUCOM) and Command (AFRICOM) to execute objectives and theater-level tasks, including intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and strike missions. The group enhances interoperability by serving as Commander, Submarines (COMSUBNATO), coordinating multinational activities and exercises in the . This forward presence enables rapid response to contingencies, as demonstrated in operations like Desert Storm and Allied Force, where U.S. submarines staged from Italian bases conducted critical undersea warfare tasks. Staffing includes approximately 24 personnel from the U.S. and allied nations, ensuring seamless integration with regional partners. Auxiliary support for COMSUBLANT submarines extends to allied sites in , such as in , where forward-deployed attack and guided-missile submarines can access logistics, fuel, and limited maintenance services during Mediterranean transits. These facilities facilitate staging for missions, allowing submarines to maintain operational tempo without returning to U.S. mainland bases. For instance, Ohio-class guided-missile submarines like USS Georgia have utilized European ports for resupply and coordination with 6th Fleet assets amid regional tensions. This network of overseas support underscores COMSUBLANT's emphasis on persistent undersea presence and alliance strengthening in the Atlantic and Mediterranean theaters.

Submarine Inventory and Operations

Current Submarine Classes and Counts

The Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT) maintains a fleet of approximately 36 submarines as of November 2025, reflecting growth from about 30 boats in 2011 through the addition of modern attack submarines and the ongoing retirement of legacy platforms. This inventory supports strategic deterrence and tactical operations across the Atlantic theater, with submarines distributed among East Coast homeports including , , and . The fleet emphasizes nuclear-powered vessels optimized for stealth, endurance, and multi-mission capabilities. The primary classes under COMSUBLANT include the Ohio-class for strategic and roles, alongside - and Los Angeles-class attack submarines. The Ohio-class comprises 6 active SSBNs and 2 SSGNs homeported at Kings Bay, Georgia, providing the Atlantic leg of the U.S. with Trident II D5 missile capabilities and strike options, respectively. These 8 Ohio-class boats represent the core of COMSUBLANT's strategic assets, totaling around 8 SSBN/SSGN platforms in operational distribution. Attack submarines form the tactical backbone, with approximately 28 SSNs assigned to East Coast operations. The Virginia-class SSN, the Navy's premier fast-attack platform, accounts for 22 or more boats distributed across bases, featuring advanced , vertical launch systems, and modular mission payloads for intelligence, surveillance, and strike missions. Meanwhile, the legacy Los Angeles-class SSN is in a phased retirement, with roughly 6 remaining under COMSUBLANT to bridge capabilities until full Virginia-class integration. These SSNs enable , littoral operations, and support for carrier strike groups. COMSUBLANT is transitioning to enhanced variants, including Block V Virginia-class submarines with expanded payload modules for greater missile capacity, and preparing for the Columbia-class SSBN to replace aging Ohio boats starting in the early 2030s. This evolution ensures sustained undersea superiority amid evolving threats.
ClassTypeApproximate Count under COMSUBLANTHomeport/Base
SSBN6Kings Bay, GA
SSGN2Kings Bay, GA
VirginiaSSN22+New London, CT; Norfolk, ; Kings Bay, GA
SSN~6New London, CT; Norfolk, VA

Operational Roles and Deployments

The submarines under Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (COMSUBLANT) fulfill a range of critical operational roles, primarily centered on maintaining undersea superiority in the Atlantic and supporting broader objectives. Ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs), as part of the U.S. , conduct strategic deterrence patrols, with the overall SSBN fleet carrying approximately 54% of the nation's nuclear deterrent arsenal to ensure a survivable second-strike capability against potential adversaries. Guided-missile submarines (SSGNs) enable strike warfare through the launch of land-attack missiles, providing precision long-range fire support for and operations. Fast-attack submarines (SSNs) excel in , , and (ISR) missions, conducting covert operations to gather vital data on adversary activities while remaining undetected in contested environments. These platforms also perform (ASW) tasks, tracking and neutralizing enemy submarines to protect naval assets and secure sea lanes. COMSUBLANT submarines maintain forward presence in the U.S. 6th Fleet , supporting U.S. European Command (EUCOM) and Command (AFRICOM) through routine patrols in the Atlantic and Mediterranean to deter aggression and ensure . These deployments emphasize persistent undersea operations, including the integration of unmanned undersea vehicles to enhance surveillance and ASW capabilities in increasingly contested waters. Multinational exercises, such as Atlantic Alliance 2025, allow COMSUBLANT forces to hone interoperability with allies, focusing on ASW and undersea threat countermeasures during scenarios simulating real-world adversarial challenges. In recent years, COMSUBLANT has extended its operational reach through rotational deployments supporting objectives, countering undersea threats from adversaries like and by surging submarines to forward areas via initiatives modeled on the Submarine Rotational Force-West. For instance, in 2024-2025, Atlantic-based SSNs participated in extended patrols and exercises contributing to theater deterrence, including joint operations that bolstered allied undersea awareness amid heightened tensions in the region. These efforts underscore the force's agility in addressing global undersea challenges while prioritizing stealth and lethality.

Commanders

Current Commander

The current commander of the Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (COMSUBLANT) is Robert Gaucher, who assumed the role on December 28, 2023, during a ceremony at , . In this three-star billet, Gaucher serves as the undersea warfare advisor to the Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces, and Commander, Allied Submarine Command, overseeing all Atlantic-based U.S. submarines, their crews, and supporting shore activities while also directing Task Forces 114, 88, and 46. Gaucher, a 1991 graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy with a in , later earned a from the . His prior sea and shore assignments include of USS (SSN 705), commodore of Submarine Development Squadron 5, director of Maritime Headquarters (N03) for U.S. Pacific Fleet, and commander of Submarine Group 9 and Task Group 114.3; most recently, he served as a special assistant to U.S. Fleet Forces Command. Under Gaucher's leadership, COMSUBLANT has emphasized integrating new technologies to enhance undersea lethality amid competition, including expanded operational deployment of torpedo tube-launched autonomous underwater vehicles and unmanned systems testing during exercises like Dynamic Messenger/RepMUS 2025. He has also prioritized "day-one-ready" Sailor initiatives to bolster personnel readiness and pursued an 80% combat surge readiness goal for submarine platforms through advanced training and innovation in areas like robotic and autonomous systems.

List of Past Commanders

The Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT) has been led by numerous flag officers since its on , 1941, with terms typically lasting 2-3 years. The position has evolved from focusing on combat preparation to overseeing operations during the and modern undersea warfare capabilities. Below is a chronological list of select past commanders, highlighting key tenures and contributions where documented. This list is not exhaustive but emphasizes notable leaders based on available historical records.
RankNameTenureKey Contributions
Rear AdmiralRichard S. Edwards1941–1942First commander; focused on training and equipping submarines for combat readiness, establishing foundational tactics and crew preparation.
Rear AdmiralFreeland A. Daubin1942–1944Oversaw Atlantic submarine operations during the early years of , managing refits, upkeep, and deployment support amid wartime demands.
Vice AdmiralSteven A. White1980–1983Promoted to and assigned in May 1980; developed the Tactical Readiness Evaluation system to enhance submarine combat effectiveness during the late era.
Vice AdmiralGeorge W. Emery1993–1996Served as the 24th , appointed by President Clinton; advanced integration of advanced undersea technologies and allied submarine command coordination.
Vice AdmiralJoseph E. Tofalo2015–2018Led during a period of heightened operations, including ICEX 2018, emphasizing undersea domain awareness and multi-domain integration.
Vice Admiral2018–2019Assumed command in August 2018; prioritized strategic deterrence and submarine force modernization amid global undersea challenges.
Vice AdmiralDaryl L. Caudle2019–2021Relieved Richard in November 2019; focused on fleet readiness and undersea superiority exercises during a time of increasing operational tempo.
Vice Admiral2021–2023Relieved Caudle in September 2021; oversaw deployments and maintenance cycles supporting national security priorities until relieved in December 2023.
During the , commanders like those in the 1950s–1970s played pivotal roles in adopting nuclear-powered submarines, transitioning the force from diesel-electric boats to strategic assets like the , though specific tenures for that era require archival consultation beyond public records.

References

  1. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/Leadership/Article/2359339/n00-commander-naval-submarine-forcescommander-submarine-force-atlantic-commande/
  2. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/About-Us/Submarine-Facts/
  3. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/About-Us/History/
  4. https://naval-encyclopedia.com/ww2/us/american-submarines.php
  5. https://www.csp.navy.mil/Portals/2/documents/about/Commanders-Intent-201803.pdf
  6. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/Organization/
  7. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/Press-Room/News-Stories/Article/2361234/submarine-forces-release-commanders-intent-30/
  8. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/
  9. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/Leadership/
  10. https://www.usff.navy.mil/
  11. https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/biographies-list/bios-n/nimitz-chester-w.html
  12. https://navy.togetherweserved.com/servlet/tws.webapp.WebApp?cmd=LegacySBV&type=Person&ID=500378
  13. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/CSG10/About-Us/
  14. https://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/united-states-submarine-capabilities/
  15. https://www.rand.org/pubs/issue_papers/IP158.html
  16. https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2020/october/sustaining-submarine-forces-competitive-edge
  17. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/Press-Room/News-Stories/Article/2493478/submarine-force-establishes-new-additional-qualification-designation/
  18. https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2025/october/path-bigger-submarine-fleet-includes-diesels
  19. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/Press-Room/News-Stories/Article/2367933/subgru2-celebrates-its-first-anniversary/
  20. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/CSS12/
  21. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/CSS2/
  22. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/CSG10/
  23. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/CSG8/
  24. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/CSG8/About-Us/Mission/
  25. https://www.netc.navy.mil/SLC/
  26. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/UWDC/About-Us/
  27. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/CSS8/
  28. https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/News-Stories/Article/2941925/us-navy-reestablishes-submarine-squadron-eight/
  29. https://cnrma.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/NAVSTA-Norfolk/About/
  30. https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/News-Stories/Article/4113854/uss-oregon-ssn-793-completes-homeport-shift-to-norfolk/
  31. https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/Display-FactFiles/article/2169558/attack-submarines-ssn/
  32. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/9342533/naval-submarine-base-new-london-holds-change-command-ceremony
  33. https://cnrma.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/SUBASE-New-London/About/History/
  34. https://installations.militaryonesource.mil/in-depth-overview/naval-submarine-base-new-london
  35. https://cnrma.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/SUBASE-New-London/
  36. https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Home/Shipyards/Portsmouth/
  37. https://cnrma.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/Portsmouth-Naval-Shipyard/About/
  38. https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Home/Shipyards/Portsmouth/About-Us/History/
  39. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/portsmouth_nsy.htm
  40. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57083
  41. https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Media/News/Article/4013478/pnsy-delivers-texas-as-battle-ready-asset-to-the-fleet/
  42. https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-22-104510.pdf
  43. https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Media/News/Article/4152967/naval-foundry-and-propeller-center-delivers-final-propulsor-component-for-first/
  44. https://www.nhbr.com/portsmouth-naval-shipyard-has-big-plans-for-2025-and-beyond/
  45. https://www.seacoastonline.com/story/news/local/2025/09/10/portsmouth-naval-shipyard-economic-impact-payroll-cities-towns-nh-maine-mass/85894452007/
  46. https://www.mainebiz.biz/article/kittery-shipyards-economic-impact-climbs-to-16b
  47. https://cnrse.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/SUBASE-Kings-Bay/About/History/
  48. https://www.naval-technology.com/projects/kingsbaysubmarine/
  49. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/government-politics/kings-bay-naval-submarine-base/
  50. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/CSG10/About-Us/History/
  51. https://installations.militaryonesource.mil/in-depth-overview/naval-submarine-base-kings-bay
  52. https://cnrse.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/SUBASE-Kings-Bay/
  53. https://cnrse.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/SUBASE-Kings-Bay/About/Tenant-Commands/Trident-Refit-Facility/
  54. https://www.dvidshub.net/news/480345/trident-refit-facility-kings-bay-marks-35-years-excellence
  55. https://www.newsweek.com/us-news-military-discloses-nuclear-submarine-movements-2076175
  56. https://www.usni.org/kings_bay
  57. https://thebrunswicknews.com/news/local_news/kings-bay-contractor-agreement-renewed/article_0726c96f-7847-4119-a689-cb3a62d3bb71.html
  58. https://www.stratcom.mil/Media/News/News-Article-View/Article/4251871/strategic-weapons-facility-atlantic-celebrates-ssp-70th-anniversary/
  59. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/navy/subgru8.htm
  60. https://www.stripes.com/branches/navy/2024-08-10/submarine-mediterranean-israel-iran-14815882.html
  61. https://cnreurafcent.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/NAVSTA-Rota/About/
  62. https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/Display-FactFiles/Article/2169580/fleet-ballistic-missile-submarines-ssbn/
  63. https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/Display-FactFiles/Article/2169613/guided-missile-submarines-ssgn/
  64. https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R41129
  65. https://www.dvidshub.net/news/542447/tuswc-integrates-marine-corps-into-undersea-operations-during-atlantic-alliance-2025
  66. https://www.navalnews.com/event-news/sna-2024/2024/01/us-navy-looks-to-atlantic-submarine-initiative-to-the-pacific/
  67. https://www.stratcom.mil/Media/News/News-Article-View/Article/3628457/submarine-force-conducts-change-of-command/
  68. https://www.navy.mil/Leadership/Flag-Officer-Biographies/Search/Article/2236472/vice-admiral-robert-gaucher/
  69. https://www.navalnews.com/event-news/cne-2025/2025/08/us-navy-submarine-force-steps-up-uuv-activities/
  70. https://mc.nato.int/media-centre/news/2025/allied-submarines-enhance-asw-interoperability-and-test-unmanned-systems-during-dynamic-messengerrepmus-25
  71. https://www.usff.navy.mil/Press-Room/News-Stories/Article/4229068/future-naval-officers-dive-deep-into-the-submarine-world-through-nupoc/
  72. https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/Speeches/display-speech/Article/4151804/sea-air-space-2025-panel-ready-our-platforms/
  73. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/navy/comsublant.htm
  74. https://archive.org/stream/sinkemallsubmari011008mbp/sinkemallsubmari011008mbp_djvu.txt
  75. https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/nhhc/research/library/research-guides/modernbios/e/emery-george-w_Redacted.pdf
  76. https://www.dvidshub.net/news/351544/submarine-force-welcomes-new-commander
  77. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/Press-Room/News-Stories/Article/3238878/submarine-force-holds-change-of-command/
  78. https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/Press-Room/News-Stories/Article/3627991/submarine-force-conducts-change-of-command/
  79. https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/research-guides/lists-of-senior-officers-and-civilian-officials-of-the-us-navy.html
Add your contribution
Related Hubs
User Avatar
No comments yet.