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Diocese of Peoria
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Diocese of Peoria
The Diocese of Peoria (Latin: Diœcesis Peoriensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the north central region of Illinois in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese within the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Chicago. The current bishop is Louis Tylka. The mother church of the diocese is the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Immaculate Conception in Peoria.
During the 17th century, present day Illinois was part of the French colony of New France. The Diocese of Quebec, which had jurisdiction over the colony, sent numerous French missionaries to the region.
Catholicism in the Peoria area dates from the days of the French missionary Jacques Marquette, who rested at the Native American village of Peoria on his voyage up the Illinois River in 1673. Opposite present day Peoria, the French explorers Robert de La Salle and Henri de Tonti in 1680 built Fort Crèvecoeur. Mass was celebrated there by three Recollect Fathers: Gabriel Ribourdi, Zenobius Membre, and Louis Hennepin. With some breaks in the succession, the line of missionaries extends to within a short period of the founding of modern Peoria. After the British took control of New France in 1763, the Archdiocese of Quebec retained jurisdiction in the Illinois area.
In 1776, the new United States claimed sovereignty over the area of Illinois. After the American Revolution ended in 1783, Pope Pius VI erected in 1784 the Prefecture Apostolic of the United States, encompassing the entire territory of the new nation. In 1785, Bishop John Carroll sent his first missionary to Illinois. In 1787, the area became part of the Northwest Territory of the United States. Pius VI created the Diocese of Baltimore, the first diocese in the United States, to replace the prefecture apostolic in 1789.
With the creation of the Diocese of Bardstown in Kentucky in 1810, supervision of the Illinois missions shifted there from the Diocese of Baltimore. In 1827, the Diocese of St. Louis assumed jurisdiction over the western half of the new state of Illinois. In 1834, the Vatican erected the Diocese of Vincennes, which included eastern Illinois. In 1839, Father Raho, an Italian priest, visited Peoria, remaining long enough to build the old stone church in Kickapoo.
In 1843, the Vatican erected the Diocese of Chicago, taking the Illinois parishes from the Dioceses of St. Louis and Vincennes. St. Mary's, the first Catholic church in Peoria proper, was erected by John A. Drew in 1846. Among his successors as pastor of St. Mary's was the poet Abram J. Ryan.
Many of the early Irish immigrants in Illinois in the mid-1800s came to work on the Illinois and Michigan Canal Owing to the failure of the contracting company, the workers received their pay in land scrip instead of cash, forcing them to settle on virgin farm land. These Irish farmers joined the existing German immigrants. They were followed by Poles, Slovaks, Slovenians, Croats, Lithuanians, and Italians who came to work in the coal mines. These groups were organized in ethnic parishes with priests of their own nationalities. In 1851, the first Catholic Church in Rock Island, St. James, was opened.
Due to the rapid growth of the Catholic population in central Illinois in the late 19th century, Coadjutor Bishop Thomas Foley of Chicago became concerned about his ability to govern that region along with Chicago. He requested that the Vatican divide the Diocese of Chicago in 1872, but the Vatican did not act on it. After another appeal to the Vatican in 1874, Pope Pius IX on February 12, 1875, erected the new Diocese of Peoria, taking 23 counties from the Diocese of Chicago. The new diocese was bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and on the east by the Indiana border. Peoria was chosen as the see city.
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Diocese of Peoria
The Diocese of Peoria (Latin: Diœcesis Peoriensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the north central region of Illinois in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese within the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Chicago. The current bishop is Louis Tylka. The mother church of the diocese is the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Immaculate Conception in Peoria.
During the 17th century, present day Illinois was part of the French colony of New France. The Diocese of Quebec, which had jurisdiction over the colony, sent numerous French missionaries to the region.
Catholicism in the Peoria area dates from the days of the French missionary Jacques Marquette, who rested at the Native American village of Peoria on his voyage up the Illinois River in 1673. Opposite present day Peoria, the French explorers Robert de La Salle and Henri de Tonti in 1680 built Fort Crèvecoeur. Mass was celebrated there by three Recollect Fathers: Gabriel Ribourdi, Zenobius Membre, and Louis Hennepin. With some breaks in the succession, the line of missionaries extends to within a short period of the founding of modern Peoria. After the British took control of New France in 1763, the Archdiocese of Quebec retained jurisdiction in the Illinois area.
In 1776, the new United States claimed sovereignty over the area of Illinois. After the American Revolution ended in 1783, Pope Pius VI erected in 1784 the Prefecture Apostolic of the United States, encompassing the entire territory of the new nation. In 1785, Bishop John Carroll sent his first missionary to Illinois. In 1787, the area became part of the Northwest Territory of the United States. Pius VI created the Diocese of Baltimore, the first diocese in the United States, to replace the prefecture apostolic in 1789.
With the creation of the Diocese of Bardstown in Kentucky in 1810, supervision of the Illinois missions shifted there from the Diocese of Baltimore. In 1827, the Diocese of St. Louis assumed jurisdiction over the western half of the new state of Illinois. In 1834, the Vatican erected the Diocese of Vincennes, which included eastern Illinois. In 1839, Father Raho, an Italian priest, visited Peoria, remaining long enough to build the old stone church in Kickapoo.
In 1843, the Vatican erected the Diocese of Chicago, taking the Illinois parishes from the Dioceses of St. Louis and Vincennes. St. Mary's, the first Catholic church in Peoria proper, was erected by John A. Drew in 1846. Among his successors as pastor of St. Mary's was the poet Abram J. Ryan.
Many of the early Irish immigrants in Illinois in the mid-1800s came to work on the Illinois and Michigan Canal Owing to the failure of the contracting company, the workers received their pay in land scrip instead of cash, forcing them to settle on virgin farm land. These Irish farmers joined the existing German immigrants. They were followed by Poles, Slovaks, Slovenians, Croats, Lithuanians, and Italians who came to work in the coal mines. These groups were organized in ethnic parishes with priests of their own nationalities. In 1851, the first Catholic Church in Rock Island, St. James, was opened.
Due to the rapid growth of the Catholic population in central Illinois in the late 19th century, Coadjutor Bishop Thomas Foley of Chicago became concerned about his ability to govern that region along with Chicago. He requested that the Vatican divide the Diocese of Chicago in 1872, but the Vatican did not act on it. After another appeal to the Vatican in 1874, Pope Pius IX on February 12, 1875, erected the new Diocese of Peoria, taking 23 counties from the Diocese of Chicago. The new diocese was bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and on the east by the Indiana border. Peoria was chosen as the see city.
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