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FSO Warszawa
The FSO Warszawa (from Polish: Warsaw) is an automobile manufactured by FSO factory in Warsaw, Poland between 1951 and 1973, based on GAZ-M20 Pobeda.
The Warszawa was the first newly designed car built in Poland after the World War II. Warszawas were popular as taxis because of their sturdiness and ruggedness. However, they were underpowered for their weight and had high fuel consumption. In total, 254,471 cars were made.
Named after Poland's capital city Warsaw, the Warszawa was until 1957 identical to the Soviet Pobeda, built under license, which was given to Poland by GAZ at Joseph Stalin's insistence. The engine was the same, side-valve M-20 unit of 2.1 L (2,120 cc) as used in the Pobeda, producing 50 hp (37 kW). Exports of the car started in 1954 to countries such as Romania, China, Bulgaria and Albania. In 1956 work began on the development of a new four-speed gearbox. However, it failed in practice and its development was suspended. In the same year, work began on an overhead valve engine that could be used to drive the car. This engine was a copy of the Étendard engine used on the Renault Frégate, and started being put on Warszawa models in 1962. The first major modernization took place in 1957. The new model was called FSO Warszawa M20 model 57, but not long after its name was changed to Warszawa 200. The new model received a restyled front-end section. The powertrain was modified too, the compression ratio was raised from 6.2:1 to 6.8:1 and maximum power crept up to 52 hp (38 kW).
In 1960, a lightly modernized version of the 200 was introduced, called the 201. This model received 200 technical improvements, including rear combination lights, engine upgrades, revisions to the electrical system, 15-inch wheels rather than 16-inch units used earlier, telescopic shock absorbers, orange front turn signals, a revised rear bumper, and so on. A "Lux" version was also introduced, with a standard roof rack and two-tone bodywork with revised side moldings. From 1962 on, a new OHV inline-four engine became available with power increased to 70 hp (51 kW). This was much more modern than the archaic sidevalve construction used before; when fitted with this engine the car was called the Warszawa 202.
In 1964 the body style was changed to a ponton, three-box design by then becoming mainstream in Europe, though the car retained a rather heavy style to western eyes. Model designations were changed to 203 (OHV engine) and 204 (sidevalve engine); in 1968 Peugeot lodged a protest as they had protected three-digit names with a zero in the middle and FSO changed the Warszawa's model numbers to 223 and 224.
In 1967 it was announced that Perkins' four-cylinder, 1.76-litre diesel engines would be fitted in export market Warszawas, which were scheduled to debut at the Poznań International Fair in June 1967. On the same year, the smaller Polski Fiat 125p based on the Italian Fiat 125 entered production and the Warszawa gradually stopped being produced with the last one coming off the assembly line in 1973, with the 125p serving as its successor.
The Warszawa was the basis for two rigid panel vans, the Żuk (made from 1958 to 1997) and the Nysa (made from 1958 to 1994). The gearbox, clutch, and chassis of the Warszawa were also used in the FSR Tarpan. These vehicles led to the basic chassis of the Warszawa being produced until the 1990s. Additionally, there was a commercial variant of the saloon car.
Development on a pickup (technically coupe utility) version of the Warszawa was undertaken in response to the demand of Polish cyclists who wanted a light delivery vehicle to transport their bikes including spare parts for mechanics. The pickup could carry two people and an additional 500 kg payload in the back. Several hundred pickups were produced annually, but their production was generally limited compared to other models. In the next years, the pickup underwent the same modernizations as passenger versions and was sold almost exclusively to state-owned enterprises and institutions. The maximum speed for the 223P version was 120 km/h, and for the 224P – 105 km/h.
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FSO Warszawa
The FSO Warszawa (from Polish: Warsaw) is an automobile manufactured by FSO factory in Warsaw, Poland between 1951 and 1973, based on GAZ-M20 Pobeda.
The Warszawa was the first newly designed car built in Poland after the World War II. Warszawas were popular as taxis because of their sturdiness and ruggedness. However, they were underpowered for their weight and had high fuel consumption. In total, 254,471 cars were made.
Named after Poland's capital city Warsaw, the Warszawa was until 1957 identical to the Soviet Pobeda, built under license, which was given to Poland by GAZ at Joseph Stalin's insistence. The engine was the same, side-valve M-20 unit of 2.1 L (2,120 cc) as used in the Pobeda, producing 50 hp (37 kW). Exports of the car started in 1954 to countries such as Romania, China, Bulgaria and Albania. In 1956 work began on the development of a new four-speed gearbox. However, it failed in practice and its development was suspended. In the same year, work began on an overhead valve engine that could be used to drive the car. This engine was a copy of the Étendard engine used on the Renault Frégate, and started being put on Warszawa models in 1962. The first major modernization took place in 1957. The new model was called FSO Warszawa M20 model 57, but not long after its name was changed to Warszawa 200. The new model received a restyled front-end section. The powertrain was modified too, the compression ratio was raised from 6.2:1 to 6.8:1 and maximum power crept up to 52 hp (38 kW).
In 1960, a lightly modernized version of the 200 was introduced, called the 201. This model received 200 technical improvements, including rear combination lights, engine upgrades, revisions to the electrical system, 15-inch wheels rather than 16-inch units used earlier, telescopic shock absorbers, orange front turn signals, a revised rear bumper, and so on. A "Lux" version was also introduced, with a standard roof rack and two-tone bodywork with revised side moldings. From 1962 on, a new OHV inline-four engine became available with power increased to 70 hp (51 kW). This was much more modern than the archaic sidevalve construction used before; when fitted with this engine the car was called the Warszawa 202.
In 1964 the body style was changed to a ponton, three-box design by then becoming mainstream in Europe, though the car retained a rather heavy style to western eyes. Model designations were changed to 203 (OHV engine) and 204 (sidevalve engine); in 1968 Peugeot lodged a protest as they had protected three-digit names with a zero in the middle and FSO changed the Warszawa's model numbers to 223 and 224.
In 1967 it was announced that Perkins' four-cylinder, 1.76-litre diesel engines would be fitted in export market Warszawas, which were scheduled to debut at the Poznań International Fair in June 1967. On the same year, the smaller Polski Fiat 125p based on the Italian Fiat 125 entered production and the Warszawa gradually stopped being produced with the last one coming off the assembly line in 1973, with the 125p serving as its successor.
The Warszawa was the basis for two rigid panel vans, the Żuk (made from 1958 to 1997) and the Nysa (made from 1958 to 1994). The gearbox, clutch, and chassis of the Warszawa were also used in the FSR Tarpan. These vehicles led to the basic chassis of the Warszawa being produced until the 1990s. Additionally, there was a commercial variant of the saloon car.
Development on a pickup (technically coupe utility) version of the Warszawa was undertaken in response to the demand of Polish cyclists who wanted a light delivery vehicle to transport their bikes including spare parts for mechanics. The pickup could carry two people and an additional 500 kg payload in the back. Several hundred pickups were produced annually, but their production was generally limited compared to other models. In the next years, the pickup underwent the same modernizations as passenger versions and was sold almost exclusively to state-owned enterprises and institutions. The maximum speed for the 223P version was 120 km/h, and for the 224P – 105 km/h.