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Francisco Sebastián Carvajal y Gual, sometimes spelled Carbajal[1] (9 December 1870 – 30 September 1932) was a Mexican lawyer and politician who served briefly as president in 1914, during the Mexican Revolution.[2] In his role as foreign minister, he succeeded Victoriano Huerta as president upon the latter's resignation.
Born in 1870 in Campeche, Carvajal studied jurisprudence. He occupied important positions in the administration of President Porfirio Díaz. On May 3, 1911, Díaz named him as his representative at the peace conference with constitutionalist rebel Francisco I. Madero. In 1913, after Victoriano Huerta had seized power from Madero, Huerta named him president of the Supreme Court. Later (10 July 1914), Huerta named him to the cabinet as foreign minister. When Huerta resigned on 15 July, Carvajal was legally next-in-line to the presidency.
During his month-long presidential term, he oversaw the transfer of power to Venustiano Carranza and his Constitutionalist Army under the terms of the Teoloyucan Treaties. Carvajal left office on August 13, 1914; Carranza gained de facto control of the executive the following year, despite not being formally elected to the Presidency until 1917.
Carvajal left for the United States. In New Orleans, he met and married Louise Martin. They had one child, Francisco Carvajal, on October 19, 1918. He returned to Mexico City in 1922 to take up his legal profession again and died there on September 20, 1932.
^After the ousting of President Francisco Madero and Vice President José María Pino Suárez, Presidents Pedro Lascuráin and Victoriano Huerta, technically being interim presidents, lacked vice presidents. Carvajal was another interim president, and also lacked a vice president. Mexico did not have a constitutional president after Carvajal until Venustiano Carranza created the Constitution of 1917, and won the election that year. The 1917 Constitution lacked a vice presidential position, and Carranza ran with no running mate. Pino Suárez was thus Mexico's final vice president.
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