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Franco-Newfoundlander
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Franco-Newfoundlander
Franco-Newfoundlanders, also known as Franco-Terreneuvians (or just Terreneuvians) in English or Franco-Terreneuviens in French, are francophone and/or French Canadian residents of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The name Franco-Terreneuvian derives from Terre-Neuve, the French name of Newfoundland.
The Franco-Newfoundlander community is most prominently associated with the Port au Port area near Stephenville, in communities such as Trois-Cailloux, Cap-Saint-Georges, La Grand'Terre, L'Anse-aux-Canards and Maisons-d'Hiver. This region is unique as the only area in the province that is officially designated by provincial law as a bilingual district. However, francophone communities are also present throughout the province, particularly in St. John's, Labrador City and Happy Valley-Goose Bay.
Newfoundland and Labrador's francophone community and its culture derive from a unique mix of influences and immigrants from Quebec, Acadia, St. Pierre and Miquelon, Brittany and the Basque Country, much of it predating Newfoundland's admission as a Canadian province in 1949. Some aspects of the community's unique culture, however, have been lost or threatened as the community became more closely integrated into the mainstream of French Canadian culture and society after 1949.
The Franco-Newfoundlander flag is based on the French tricolour and Acadian flag, with three unequal panels of blue, white, and red. Two yellow sails are set on the line between the white and red panels. The sail on top is charged with a spruce twig, while the bottom sail is charged with a pitcher flower. These emblems are outlined in black.
The sails represent early Basque, Breton, and French fishermen that came to the area in 1504. At the same time, they are symbols of action and progress. The yellow is taken from the star of the Acadian flag. The spruce twig is the emblem of Labrador and is also found on the Labrador flag. Newfoundland and Labrador's provincial flower is the insect-eating pitcher plant.
Since the 16th century, fishermen from France have fished around Newfoundland. In the 17th century, the French established colonies in the coves of Placentia Bay and Fortune Bay and made settlements on the island's north coast, while the Basques used the west coast. French and English fishermen generally got along, but France and England both claimed Newfoundland and engaged in many wars over it, including the Avalon Peninsula Campaign, during which French forces burned English settlements on the Avalon Peninsula.
The Treaty of Utrecht required France to abandon its settlements on the island and recognize British sovereignty over it. However, the French were granted the French Shore (between Cape Bonavista and Point Riche), where they were allowed to fish. Most French settlers in Newfoundland left for Île-Royale (New France). The Treaty of Paris in 1763 ceded Saint Pierre and Miquelon from Newfoundland to France. As English settlers began to move into Bonavista Bay and Notre Dame Bay (both part of the French Shore), the location of the French Shore was shifted to between Cape St. John and Cape Ray. France continued to fish along the French Shore until 1904.
Although France was not allowed to establish settlements on the French Shore, some French people migrated to the region anyway. Migrants came from France and Saint-Pierre, while some Acadians settled on the shore. The highest concentration of French settlements was at Bay St. George. Some Mi'kmaq also settled alongside the French, many of whom had Acadian ancestry; however, many Mi'kmaq people hid their heritage and assimilated with the French.
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Franco-Newfoundlander
Franco-Newfoundlanders, also known as Franco-Terreneuvians (or just Terreneuvians) in English or Franco-Terreneuviens in French, are francophone and/or French Canadian residents of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The name Franco-Terreneuvian derives from Terre-Neuve, the French name of Newfoundland.
The Franco-Newfoundlander community is most prominently associated with the Port au Port area near Stephenville, in communities such as Trois-Cailloux, Cap-Saint-Georges, La Grand'Terre, L'Anse-aux-Canards and Maisons-d'Hiver. This region is unique as the only area in the province that is officially designated by provincial law as a bilingual district. However, francophone communities are also present throughout the province, particularly in St. John's, Labrador City and Happy Valley-Goose Bay.
Newfoundland and Labrador's francophone community and its culture derive from a unique mix of influences and immigrants from Quebec, Acadia, St. Pierre and Miquelon, Brittany and the Basque Country, much of it predating Newfoundland's admission as a Canadian province in 1949. Some aspects of the community's unique culture, however, have been lost or threatened as the community became more closely integrated into the mainstream of French Canadian culture and society after 1949.
The Franco-Newfoundlander flag is based on the French tricolour and Acadian flag, with three unequal panels of blue, white, and red. Two yellow sails are set on the line between the white and red panels. The sail on top is charged with a spruce twig, while the bottom sail is charged with a pitcher flower. These emblems are outlined in black.
The sails represent early Basque, Breton, and French fishermen that came to the area in 1504. At the same time, they are symbols of action and progress. The yellow is taken from the star of the Acadian flag. The spruce twig is the emblem of Labrador and is also found on the Labrador flag. Newfoundland and Labrador's provincial flower is the insect-eating pitcher plant.
Since the 16th century, fishermen from France have fished around Newfoundland. In the 17th century, the French established colonies in the coves of Placentia Bay and Fortune Bay and made settlements on the island's north coast, while the Basques used the west coast. French and English fishermen generally got along, but France and England both claimed Newfoundland and engaged in many wars over it, including the Avalon Peninsula Campaign, during which French forces burned English settlements on the Avalon Peninsula.
The Treaty of Utrecht required France to abandon its settlements on the island and recognize British sovereignty over it. However, the French were granted the French Shore (between Cape Bonavista and Point Riche), where they were allowed to fish. Most French settlers in Newfoundland left for Île-Royale (New France). The Treaty of Paris in 1763 ceded Saint Pierre and Miquelon from Newfoundland to France. As English settlers began to move into Bonavista Bay and Notre Dame Bay (both part of the French Shore), the location of the French Shore was shifted to between Cape St. John and Cape Ray. France continued to fish along the French Shore until 1904.
Although France was not allowed to establish settlements on the French Shore, some French people migrated to the region anyway. Migrants came from France and Saint-Pierre, while some Acadians settled on the shore. The highest concentration of French settlements was at Bay St. George. Some Mi'kmaq also settled alongside the French, many of whom had Acadian ancestry; however, many Mi'kmaq people hid their heritage and assimilated with the French.
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