Friedrich Julius Rosenbach (16 December 1842 – 6 December 1923), also known as Anton Julius Friedrich Rosenbach, was a German physician and microbiologist. He is credited for differentiating Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus albus, which is now called Staphylococcus epidermidis, in 1884. He also described and named Streptococcus pyogenes. Rosenbach's disease is also named in his honor.

Rosenbach was born in Grohnde an der Weser on 16 December 1842. He studied in Heidelberg, Göttingen, Vienna, Paris, and Berlin. He obtained his doctorate in 1867. He married Franziska Merkel on 12 May 1877. Rosenbach died on 6 December 1923 in Göttingen.