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Grass sickness
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Grass sickness
Grass sickness, alternatively termed equine dysautonomia, is a rare but predominantly fatal illness in horses. Grass sickness may affect all types of horse, pony and donkey, and has affected some well known horses including the thoroughbred stallions Dubai Millennium, Moorestyle and Mister Baileys.
Grass sickness is a polyneuropathy affecting the central, peripheral and enteric nervous systems. The majority of visible clinical signs are related to paralysis within the digestive tract although nerve damage occurs throughout the body. There are three forms of grass sickness:
Clinical signs common to all subsets include: depression, anorexia, colic (moderate with AGS/SAGS and mild with CGS), paralysis of the intestines, excess salivation, constipation, nasogastric fluid secretion, patchy sweating, muscle tremors and eyelid drooping.
The cause remains unknown, but the toxin produced from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum type C may be involved.
Clostridium botulinum is a soil-borne bacterium, which may be better known for producing clinical signs of botulism. It may cause grass sickness when the spores of C. botulinum type C are ingested and produce their toxin locally within the intestine.
It is also linked to pasture mycotoxicosis, which comprises a very large and diverse population of fungi.
The Dick Vet research finally isolated a neurotoxic enzyme similar to the snake venom and discovered it as the probable cause of the sickness.
The main risk factor for grass sickness, as the name may suggest, is grass. The disease is almost always seen in grazing animals, although there are isolated reports of the condition occurring in stabled horses. Grass sickness is most frequently seen in young horses aged between two and seven, and is particularly prevalent during April, May and June, and later in the autumn, after a spurt of grass growth.
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Grass sickness
Grass sickness, alternatively termed equine dysautonomia, is a rare but predominantly fatal illness in horses. Grass sickness may affect all types of horse, pony and donkey, and has affected some well known horses including the thoroughbred stallions Dubai Millennium, Moorestyle and Mister Baileys.
Grass sickness is a polyneuropathy affecting the central, peripheral and enteric nervous systems. The majority of visible clinical signs are related to paralysis within the digestive tract although nerve damage occurs throughout the body. There are three forms of grass sickness:
Clinical signs common to all subsets include: depression, anorexia, colic (moderate with AGS/SAGS and mild with CGS), paralysis of the intestines, excess salivation, constipation, nasogastric fluid secretion, patchy sweating, muscle tremors and eyelid drooping.
The cause remains unknown, but the toxin produced from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum type C may be involved.
Clostridium botulinum is a soil-borne bacterium, which may be better known for producing clinical signs of botulism. It may cause grass sickness when the spores of C. botulinum type C are ingested and produce their toxin locally within the intestine.
It is also linked to pasture mycotoxicosis, which comprises a very large and diverse population of fungi.
The Dick Vet research finally isolated a neurotoxic enzyme similar to the snake venom and discovered it as the probable cause of the sickness.
The main risk factor for grass sickness, as the name may suggest, is grass. The disease is almost always seen in grazing animals, although there are isolated reports of the condition occurring in stabled horses. Grass sickness is most frequently seen in young horses aged between two and seven, and is particularly prevalent during April, May and June, and later in the autumn, after a spurt of grass growth.