HMS Asia was a 64-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Thomas Bucknall and launched on 3 March 1764 at Portsmouth Dockyard. She participated in the American Revolutionary War and the capture of Martinique in 1794. She was broken up in 1804.

Sir Thomas Slade designed her as an experimental design, one that proved to be particularly groundbreaking as she was the first true 64. As a result, the Royal Navy ordered no further 60-gun ships but instead commissioned more 64 gun ships. Because these incorporated alterations learned from trials with Asia, for instance subsequent ships were bigger, she was the only ship of her draught (class).

Asia saw early service in the American Revolutionary War, as a transport vessel for 500 Royal Marines sent to New York City in 1774 to quell rising tensions among the local population. She arrived in New York Harbor on 4 December and remained there until later in the month when she joined a flotilla commanded by Admiral Richard Howe. But on 1 January 1775 she was part of Vice-Admiral Graves' North American Squadron, listed under command of Cpt. Geo Vanderput.

Returning to New York Harbor, Asia supplied protection for the merchant ship Duchess of Gordon, which Royal governor William Tryon had established as an ad hoc office in October 1775. He feared arrest by the rebels if he remained in the city.

Asia was the ship on which Tryon and Loyalist Mayor David Mathews devised a plot to assassinate George Washington. Thomas Hickey, one of Washington's Life Guard, was executed for this plot.

She was present at the Battle of Brooklyn in August 1776, and later survived a fire ship attack led by American revolutionary Silas Talbot. The fire ship did foul Asia and set fire to her, but the crew, aided by men from other nearby vessels, were able to extinguish the flames.

In 1778-89 she escorted some East Indiamen to India.

Asia was recommissioned in May 1793 under Captain John Brown and on 26 December he sailed her to the West Indies to join Admiral Sir John Jervis.