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Hanau
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Hanau
Hanau (German pronunciation: [ˈhaːnaʊ] ⓘ) is a city in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. It is 25 km east of Frankfurt am Main and part of the Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region. Its railway station is a major junction and it has a port on the river Main, making it an important transport centre. The city is known for being the birthplace of Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm and Franciscus Sylvius. Since the 16th century it was a centre of precious metal working, with many goldsmiths. It is home to Heraeus, one of Germany's largest family-owned companies. With a population of over 96,756 it is the largest city in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis.
Once the seat of the Counts of Hanau, Hanau lost much of its architectural heritage in World War II, such as its City Palace. A British air raid in 1945 created a firestorm, killing a sixth of the remaining population and destroying 98% of the old city and 80% of the city overall. The outer parts of the city have old timbered towns like Hanau-Steinheim and castles like Schloss Philippsruhe.
In 1963, Hanau hosted the third Hessentag state festival. Until 2005, Hanau was the administrative centre of the Main-Kinzig-Kreis. On 19 February 2020, a gunman attacked two bars and a kiosk in Hanau, murdering nine people with roots outside Germany, before shooting his mother and himself.
The historic core of Hanau is within a semicircle of the river Kinzig that flows into the river Main just west of the city. Today, after a substantial expansion during the 19th and 20th centuries, it also extends to the river Main. After a restructuring of municipal borders within Hesse in the 1970s, a couple of nearby villages and towns were incorporated. After that change, Hanau for the first time also extended to the south bank of the Main.
On the 0 °C isotherm, Hanau has a humid continental climate as Eastern Germany with warm summer, classified by Köppen as Dfb. In the -3 °C isotherm has oceanic climate (Cfb) with some interior characteristics. Hanau is the westernmost city on the European continent below 200 m at sea level in this category.
'Hanau' derives from Hagenowe, a combination of Haag ('wood') and Aue ('open land by the side of a river').[citation needed]
Hanau was first mentioned as a settlement in 1143. It was the site of a castle that used the river Kinzig as a defense. The castle belonged to a noble family that began calling themselves "of Hanau" in the 13th century. A village developed around the castle and it became a town in 1303. As a result of this history, Hanau's main church stood outside its walls in the village of Kinzdorf. The villagers moved into Hanau and Kinzdorf became an abandoned village, leaving only the church. In the 15th century the status of the Hanau parish church was transferred to the church of Mary Magdalene within the town walls.
Shortly after the first town walls were built at the beginning of the 14th century, the town outgrew this limit. Outside the wall, along the road to Frankfurt am Main, a settlement developed (the Vorstadt) that was properly included in the fortifications of Hanau only when Hanau received completely new Renaissance-style fortifications during the first half of the 16th century. These fortifications enclosed three elements: the medieval castle, the town of Hanau, and the Vorstadt.
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Hanau
Hanau (German pronunciation: [ˈhaːnaʊ] ⓘ) is a city in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. It is 25 km east of Frankfurt am Main and part of the Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region. Its railway station is a major junction and it has a port on the river Main, making it an important transport centre. The city is known for being the birthplace of Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm and Franciscus Sylvius. Since the 16th century it was a centre of precious metal working, with many goldsmiths. It is home to Heraeus, one of Germany's largest family-owned companies. With a population of over 96,756 it is the largest city in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis.
Once the seat of the Counts of Hanau, Hanau lost much of its architectural heritage in World War II, such as its City Palace. A British air raid in 1945 created a firestorm, killing a sixth of the remaining population and destroying 98% of the old city and 80% of the city overall. The outer parts of the city have old timbered towns like Hanau-Steinheim and castles like Schloss Philippsruhe.
In 1963, Hanau hosted the third Hessentag state festival. Until 2005, Hanau was the administrative centre of the Main-Kinzig-Kreis. On 19 February 2020, a gunman attacked two bars and a kiosk in Hanau, murdering nine people with roots outside Germany, before shooting his mother and himself.
The historic core of Hanau is within a semicircle of the river Kinzig that flows into the river Main just west of the city. Today, after a substantial expansion during the 19th and 20th centuries, it also extends to the river Main. After a restructuring of municipal borders within Hesse in the 1970s, a couple of nearby villages and towns were incorporated. After that change, Hanau for the first time also extended to the south bank of the Main.
On the 0 °C isotherm, Hanau has a humid continental climate as Eastern Germany with warm summer, classified by Köppen as Dfb. In the -3 °C isotherm has oceanic climate (Cfb) with some interior characteristics. Hanau is the westernmost city on the European continent below 200 m at sea level in this category.
'Hanau' derives from Hagenowe, a combination of Haag ('wood') and Aue ('open land by the side of a river').[citation needed]
Hanau was first mentioned as a settlement in 1143. It was the site of a castle that used the river Kinzig as a defense. The castle belonged to a noble family that began calling themselves "of Hanau" in the 13th century. A village developed around the castle and it became a town in 1303. As a result of this history, Hanau's main church stood outside its walls in the village of Kinzdorf. The villagers moved into Hanau and Kinzdorf became an abandoned village, leaving only the church. In the 15th century the status of the Hanau parish church was transferred to the church of Mary Magdalene within the town walls.
Shortly after the first town walls were built at the beginning of the 14th century, the town outgrew this limit. Outside the wall, along the road to Frankfurt am Main, a settlement developed (the Vorstadt) that was properly included in the fortifications of Hanau only when Hanau received completely new Renaissance-style fortifications during the first half of the 16th century. These fortifications enclosed three elements: the medieval castle, the town of Hanau, and the Vorstadt.
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