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Hausa language

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Hausa language

Hausa (/ˈhsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listen /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger – where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025 –, in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo, and in the southern parts of Chad, with significant minorities in Ivory Coast. A small number of speakers also exist in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Despite originating from a non-tonal language family, Hausa utilizes differences in pitch to distinguish words and grammar. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.

Hausa belongs to the West Chadic languages subgroup of the Chadic languages group, which in turn is part of the Afroasiatic language family.

Native speakers of Hausa, the Hausa people, are mostly found in southern Niger and northern Nigeria. The language is used as a lingua franca by non-native speakers in most of northern Nigeria, southern Niger, northern Cameroon, northern Ghana, northern Benin, northern Togo, southern Chad and parts of Sudan.

In Nigeria, Hausa is dominant throughout the north, though not in the states of Kwara, Kogi and Benue. States and cities in which Hausa predominates include Kano, Kaduna, Katsina, Daura, Gobir, Zaria, Sokoto, Birnin Kebbi, Gusau, Dutse, Hadejia, Bauchi, Misau, Zamfara, Gombe, Nafada, Maiduguri, Yobe, Yola, Jalingo, Jos, Lafia, Nasarawa, Minna, Kontagora, Keffi and Abuja.

Hausa is spoken by approximately 53% of the population of Niger and was declared the country's official language in 2025. It is commonly spoken in the cities of Maradi, Diffa, Tahoua, Zinder, Tillaberi, Dosso, and Agadez.

Hausa is spoken in the north of Cameroon, including the cities of Ngaoundere, Garoua, and Maroua.

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