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Helen Murray Free - American chemist and educator (1923–2021)

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03.04.25
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Helen Murray Free was a pioneering American chemist whose innovative work revolutionized clinical diagnostics. Her development of convenient, easy-to-use diagnostic tests, particularly those utilizing dry reagent chemistry, transformed healthcare and made testing more accessible. Beyond her scientific contributions, Free was a dedicated educator, advocating for science literacy and inspiring generations of students, especially women, to pursue careers in STEM fields. Her legacy lies in her commitment to improving lives through scientific advancement and education.
Main Milestones
Birth in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
February 20, 1923
Helen Murray was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to James and Mary Murray. Her early life was marked by a strong curiosity and a love for exploring the natural world, fostering her initial interest in science.
Awarded Scholarship to College, initially wanted to major in English and Latin.
1941
After graduating high school, Helen initially wanted to be an English teacher and a Latin teacher. However, after receiving a scholarship to attend college in science, she decided to pursue a science field in Chemistry.
Graduation from the College of Wooster
1944
Helen Murray graduated from the College of Wooster with a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry. At the time, science programs typically had mostly males, making Helen a pioneer in women in science programs.
Joining Miles Laboratories (later Bayer)
1947
After graduation, Helen joined Miles Laboratories (later acquired by Bayer) as a research chemist. This marked the beginning of her long and impactful career in the development of diagnostic tests. This was the beginning of an over 30-year career.
Development of Dip-and-Read Tests
1950s-1960s
Alongside her husband, Alfred Free, Helen played a pivotal role in developing the first dip-and-read diagnostic tests. These innovative tests, which used reagent-impregnated paper strips, allowed for rapid and convenient analysis of urine for conditions like diabetes, kidney disease, and infections. Clinistix (for glucose) and Ketostix (for ketones) were among the early successes.
Continued Innovation in Diagnostic Testing
1970s
Helen continued to refine and improve diagnostic testing methods, focusing on making tests more accurate, reliable, and user-friendly. She worked on expanding the range of analytes that could be detected using dry reagent chemistry, further broadening the applications of these tests.
Chair of the National Chemistry Week Task Force
1991
Serving as the chair of the National Chemistry Week Task Force. Helen helped bring awareness to the importance of chemistry within the general population. She even traveled to several schools to demonstrate the benefits of chemistry to children.
Retirement from Bayer Corporation
1993
After a distinguished career spanning over three decades, Helen Murray Free retired from Bayer Corporation. However, her passion for science and education continued, leading her to pursue new avenues for engagement.
Active in Education and Outreach
1993-2021
Following her retirement, Helen dedicated her time to promoting science education and literacy. She served as a consultant for educational programs, gave lectures and presentations, and actively participated in initiatives aimed at inspiring young people to pursue careers in STEM fields. She was particularly passionate about encouraging women to enter the sciences.
National Medal of Technology and Innovation
2010
In 2010, Helen Murray Free received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation, the highest honor bestowed by the United States government for achievements related to technological progress. This prestigious award recognized her groundbreaking contributions to clinical chemistry and diagnostic testing.
Death in Elkhart, Indiana
May 1, 2021
Helen Murray Free passed away in Elkhart, Indiana, at the age of 98. Her death marked the end of a remarkable life dedicated to scientific innovation, education, and the betterment of healthcare. Her legacy continues to inspire scientists and educators around the world.

Other Themed Timelines

Advocacy for Science Education TimelineAdvocacy for Science Education TimelineAmerican Chemical Society (ACS) Involvement TimelineAmerican Chemical Society (ACS) Involvement TimelineAwards and Recognition TimelineAwards and Recognition TimelineContributions to Diagnostic Chemistry TimelineContributions to Diagnostic Chemistry TimelineEarly Life and Education TimelineEarly Life and Education TimelineLegacy and Impact TimelineLegacy and Impact TimelineMiles Laboratories Career TimelineMiles Laboratories Career TimelinePersonal Life and Family TimelinePersonal Life and Family TimelinePublications and Writings TimelinePublications and Writings Timeline