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Henry J. Heinz
Henry J. Heinz
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Brief
Known For
Co-founding the H. J. Heinz Company and popularizing products like ketchup and other condiments.
Key Dates and Places
  • Born Date: October 11, 1844.
  • Born Place: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
  • Death Date: May 14, 1919.
  • Death Place: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Career
  • Past occupations: Entrepreneur, businessman, manufacturer, founder of H.J. Heinz Company.
  • Previous Place of Work: H. J. Heinz Company.
Education
Duff's Business College.
Main Milestones
Birth in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
October 11, 1844
Henry John Heinz was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to German immigrant parents, John Henry Heinz and Anna Schmidt Heinz. His upbringing instilled in him a strong work ethic and a deep understanding of agriculture and food preparation, laying the foundation for his future entrepreneurial pursuits.
Early Entrepreneurial Ventures: Selling Surplus Produce
Early 1860s
Even as a young boy, Heinz demonstrated entrepreneurial tendencies. As a teenager, he began selling surplus produce from his family's garden to neighbors. He quickly learned about market demand, pricing strategies, and the importance of building customer relationships. This early experience was crucial in shaping his business acumen.
Founding Heinz & Noble
1869
At the age of 25, Heinz partnered with Clarence Noble to form Heinz & Noble. The company initially focused on packaging and selling horseradish. This venture marked Heinz's first significant foray into the food processing industry and provided valuable lessons in production, distribution, and the challenges of maintaining product quality.
Bankruptcy and Business Setback
1875
The Heinz & Noble company faced financial difficulties and ultimately declared bankruptcy in 1875 due to a crop failure, combined with the Panic of 1873. This setback was a pivotal moment for Heinz, teaching him resilience, the importance of diversification, and the need for sound financial management. Despite the failure, he was determined to rebuild.
Founding F.& J. Heinz
1876
Undeterred by his previous business failure, Heinz established a new company called F.& J. Heinz, with his brother and a cousin. This company laid the foundation for what would eventually become the H.J. Heinz Company. He focused on producing and marketing prepared foods such as ketchup, pickles, and sauces.
Reorganization as H.J. Heinz Company
1888
In 1888, Heinz reorganized the company, formally establishing it as the H.J. Heinz Company. This marked a significant milestone in the company's growth and cemented Heinz's leadership position. The company expanded its product line and distribution network, becoming a prominent player in the rapidly growing processed food industry.
Commitment to Pure Food and Employee Welfare
Late 19th - Early 20th Centuries
Heinz was a strong advocate for pure food standards and played a crucial role in the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906. He also prioritized employee welfare, providing his workers with clean and safe working conditions, including free medical care and educational opportunities. These practices were revolutionary for the time and contributed to the company's success and positive reputation.
Adoption of the '57 Varieties' Slogan
1896
Despite offering more than 60 products at the time, Heinz adopted the iconic '57 Varieties' slogan. The number '57' had no particular significance but was chosen simply because Heinz liked the way the numbers looked. This clever marketing move proved remarkably effective in promoting brand recognition and establishing Heinz as a household name.
Death in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
May 14, 1919
Henry John Heinz passed away in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on May 14, 1919, at the age of 74. He left behind a thriving company and a lasting legacy as a pioneer in the food processing industry, known for his commitment to quality, innovation, and ethical business practices. His contributions continue to influence the food industry today.
Henry J. Heinz

F.L. Brown, S.P. Leet, Reverend J.G. Holdcroft, Marion Lawrence, Henry John Heinz, and Bishop Joseph Crane Hartzell in 1917

Key Information

Henry John Heinz (October 11, 1844[1] – May 14, 1919) was an American entrepreneur who co-founded the H. J. Heinz Company of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

He was involved in the passage of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act. Many of his descendants are known for philanthropy and involvement in politics and public affairs. His fortune became the basis for the Heinz Foundations.

Early life

[edit]

Henry John Heinz was born in Birmingham, Pennsylvania, to John Henry Heinz (1811–1891) and Anna Margaretha Schmidt (1822–1899). John Henry was born Johann Heinrich Heinz to parents Johann Georg and Charlotte Louisa (née Trump) Heinz in Kallstadt of the Palatinate, which at that time was part of the Kingdom of Bavaria. In 1840, John Henry emigrated to Birmingham, where he got a job making bricks and then met and married Anna in 1843, who herself had recently emigrated from Kruspis [de] (today a part of Haunetal), Hesse-Kassel.[2][3] Then when Henry was five years old, his parents moved to Sharpsburg where Henry’s father went into the brick making business for himself. Anna Schmidt was the daughter of a farmer and church administrator, Johann Adam Schmidt, and his wife Dorothea (Thiel) Schmidt.[a] Anna came from Hesse-Kassel, which was a Reformed Protestant (Calvinist) territory, so she was raised in the Calvinist Christian faith.[5] Anna's husband, John Heinz, was a Lutheran, and they raised and confirmed their son to that faith.[2][3][6]

H. J. Heinz Company

[edit]

Henry John Heinz began packing foodstuffs on a small scale at Sharpsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1869. There, he founded Heinz Noble & Company with a friend, L. Clarence Noble, and started marketing bottled horseradish, soon followed by sauerkraut, vinegar, and pickles. The company went bankrupt in 1875. The following year, Heinz founded another company, F & J Heinz, with his brother John Heinz and a cousin, Frederick Heinz.[7]

The company grew and, in 1888, Heinz bought out his other two partners and reorganized it as the H. J. Heinz Company, the name carried to the present day. The company was incorporated in 1905, with Heinz serving as its first president and retaining that position for the rest of his life.[7]

The company's slogan, "57 varieties," was introduced by Heinz in 1896, though by then, the company was selling more than 60 different products.[8] Heinz said he chose "5" because it was his lucky number, while "7" was his wife's lucky number.[9]

At the time of Heinz's death in Pittsburgh at the age of 74, the H. J. Heinz Company had more than 20 food processing plants and owned seed farms and container factories.[citation needed]

Later life

[edit]

Heinz led a successful lobbying effort in favor of the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906.[10] During World War I, he worked with the Food Administration.[11] He was a director in many financial institutions, and was chairman of a committee to devise ways of protecting Pittsburgh from floods.[11]

Marriage and family

[edit]

Heinz married Sarah Sloan Young on September 3, 1869.[2] She was of Scots-Irish ancestry and had grown up in the Presbyterian Church. They had five children:[12]

  • Irene Edwilda Heinz-Given (1871–1956)[13]
  • Clarence Henry Heinz (1873–1920)[3]
  • Howard Covode Heinz (1877–1941)
  • Robert Eugene Heinz (1882–1882, lived about 1 month)[3]
  • Clifford Sloan Heinz (1883–1935)

They were raised as Presbyterians.

Religious faith

[edit]
Henry J. Heinz in 1917

Later in life Heinz worshipped as a member of Methodist and Presbyterian churches, and worked closely with Baptists as well.[2]

When Heinz visited England, his "tourist stops" included the graves of religious leaders John Bunyan, Isaac Watts, and John Wesley. He visited a chapel that Wesley founded, later writing that "I felt I was upon holy ground."[14] At the beginning of his will Heinz wrote: "I desire to set forth, at the very beginning of this Will, as the most important item in it, a confession of my faith in Jesus Christ as my Savior."[15]

Death and legacy

[edit]

Heinz died at his home on May 14, 1919, after contracting pneumonia. His funeral was at East Liberty Presbyterian Church. He was buried at Homewood Cemetery in Pittsburgh, in the Heinz Family Mausoleum.[2][3][16]

A bronze statue of Heinz by Emil Fuchs was dedicated on October 11, 1924, at the Heinz Company building in Pittsburgh.[17]

Heinz is the grandfather of H. J. Heinz II (1908–1987) the great-grandfather of U.S. Senator H. John Heinz III (1938–1991) of Pennsylvania (who was later buried in the same family mausoleum), and great-great grandfather of Henry John Heinz IV, André Thierstein Heinz and Christopher Drake Heinz.[18]

Through his paternal grandmother, Charlotte Louisa Trump, he was a second cousin of Friedrich Trump, second cousin (once removed) of real estate magnate Fred Trump, and second cousin (twice removed) of 45th and 47th President of the United States, Donald Trump.[19]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ At least one biographer has erroneously written that Anna's father was a pastor, based on a mistranslation of the German word "Kirchenältester" which appears before Anna's father's name in Anna's baptism record. "Kirchenältester" does not mean "pastor," but rather refers to a lay church administrator who is elected by the parish elders to safeguard the affairs of the church.[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Skrabec, Quentin R. (2009). H.J. Heinz : A Biography. Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland & Co. p. 28. ISBN 978-0786441785. Retrieved January 1, 2025.
  2. ^ a b c d e Skrabec, Quentin R. (2009). H.J. Heinz: A Biography. McFarland & Company. pp. 27, 28, 83. ISBN 978-0-7864-4178-5.
  3. ^ a b c d e McCafferty, E. D. (1923). Henry J. Heinz: a biography. p. 20.
  4. ^ Grimm, Wilhelm & Jacob (1854). Kirchenältester. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  5. ^ Pettegree, Andrew (2000). The Reformation World. Routledge. pp. 399–400. ISBN 9780415163576.
  6. ^ Dietrich II, William S. (Summer 2008). "H.J. Heinz: Relish success". Pittsburgh Quarterly. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 25, 2015.
  7. ^ a b "H.j. Heinz Company | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  8. ^ "Trivia". Heinz. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved March 5, 2015.
  9. ^ Rawsthorn, Alice (April 12, 2009). "An Icon, Despite Itself". The New York Times. Retrieved June 9, 2009.
  10. ^ "Heinz Ketchup: A flavorful message in a glass bottle". The State Museum of Pennsylvania. June 30, 2015. Archived from the original on September 16, 2015. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
  11. ^ a b Reynolds, Francis J., ed. (1921). "Heinz, Henry John" . Collier's New Encyclopedia. New York: P. F. Collier & Son Company.
  12. ^ "Henry J. Heinz". Notable Names Database. Soylent Communications. Retrieved January 27, 2013.
  13. ^ "The Irene Heinz Given and John LaPorte Given Research Professorship of Ophthalmology".
  14. ^ Alberts, Robert C. (1973). The Good Provider: H. J. Heinz and his 57 Varieties. Houghton Mifflin. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-213-16481-2.
  15. ^ Lee, Richard (2011). In God We Still Trust: A 365-Day Devotional. Thomas Nelson Inc. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-4041-8965-2.
  16. ^ Robinson Library[usurped]
  17. ^ "Henry J. Heinz Memorial, (sculpture)". Art Inventory Archive. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
  18. ^ "Family tree of Henry John Heinz". Geneanet. Retrieved August 25, 2023.
  19. ^ "Family tree of Donald John Trump". Geneanet. Retrieved August 25, 2023.

Further reading

[edit]
  • "Henry Heinz and Brand Creation in the Late Nineteenth Century: Making Markets for Processed Food" by Nancy Koehn. The Business History Review, Vol. 73 (Autumn, 1999), pp. 349–393. JSTOR 3116181, reprinted in Koehn, Nancy F. Koehn, Brand New : How Entrepreneurs Earned Consumers' Trust from Wedgwood to Dell (2001) pp 43–90.
[edit]
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