The declaration of the Emergency in 1975 and the subsequent suspension of civil liberties led to widespread criticism of Indira Gandhi's authoritarian tendencies. The arrest of political opponents, censorship of the press, and human rights abuses during the Emergency remain highly controversial.

The forced sterilization programs implemented during the Emergency sparked outrage and condemnation both within India and internationally. These programs were criticized for violating human rights and targeting vulnerable populations.

The military operation in the Golden Temple in Amritsar in 1984, known as Operation Blue Star, drew criticism for its handling and the heavy casualties it caused. The operation was seen by some as an attack on the Sikh community's religious sentiments.

Throughout her career, Indira Gandhi faced allegations of corruption and abuse of power. These allegations, though often unsubstantiated, contributed to a negative perception of her government in some quarters.

The promotion of her sons, Sanjay and Rajiv Gandhi, within the Congress Party led to criticism of Indira Gandhi for promoting dynastic politics. This raised concerns about fairness and meritocracy in Indian politics.