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Inuit Nunangat
Inuit Nunangat (/ˈɪnjuɪt ˈnunæŋæt/;[citation needed] Inuktitut: ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᑦ [inuit nunaŋat] lit. 'Inuit's land'), formerly Inuit Nunaat (ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓈᑦ), is the homeland of the Inuit in Canada. This Arctic homeland consists of four northern Canadian regions called the Inuvialuit Settlement Region (Inuvialuit Nunangit Sannaiqtuaq, home of the Inuvialuit and the northern portion of the Northwest Territories and Yukon), the territory Nunavut (ᓄᓇᕗᑦ), Nunavik (ᓄᓇᕕᒃ) in northern Quebec, and Nunatsiavut of Newfoundland and Labrador.
The name Inuit Nunangat is composed of two elements: Inuit and Nunangat, both coming from Inuktitut. The first means "people", inherited from Proto-Inuit's *iŋuɣ meaning "human being". The second combines the word nuna "land" with the third person possessive ending -ngat, together meaning "their land".
Inuit of Canada originally used the Greenlandic Inuit term Nunaat which excludes the waters and ice. In 2009 the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami formally switched to the Inuktitut Nunangat in 2009 to reflect the integral nature "land, water, and ice" have to Inuit culture.
Inuit are the most recent Indigenous arrivals on the continent aside from Métis. Inuit ancestors known as the Thule settled the Arctic, replacing the previous dominant Dorset culture (Tuniit) over the course of around 200 years. Displacement of the Tuniit (Inuktitut syllabics; ᑐᓃᑦ), or the Dorset people, and the arrival of the Inuit (whose ancestors are often called Thule) occurred in the 1100–1300s CE. Coming from Siberia where they split from the Aleut and other related peoples about 4,000 years ago, Inuit had reached Inughuit Nunaat[clarification needed] in western Greenland by about 1300 CE, bringing with them transport dogs and various new technologies.
Trade relations were and remain strong with bordering countries and nations, such as with the Gwichʼin and Dënesųłı̨né (Chipewyan) of Denendeh (now in the Northwest Territories) and Innu of Nitassinan (Innu: ᓂᑕᔅᓯᓇᓐ), though occasional conflicts arose. Martin Frobisher's 1576 expedition to find the Northwest Passage landed on and around Baffin Island, in today's Qikiqtaaluk Region (Inuktitut syllabics: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ ), where three Inuit, a man called Calichough (Kalicho), an unrelated Inuk woman, Egnock (Arnaq), and her child, Nutioc (Nuttaaq), were kidnapped and brought to the Europe, where they all died.
Canadian colonization extended in to Inuit Nunangat via the lands claimed as Rupert's Land, North-Western Territory and Quebec, later including Newfoundland and Labrador. Rapid spread of diseases, material wealth, the Christian churches and Canadian (Royal Canadian Mounted Police) policing saw a rapid decline and collapse of Inuit Nunangat, from which it is still recovering.
Since European colonizers had little desire to settle much of Inuit Nunangat's territories, the violence experienced by southern First Nations was comparatively minimal in the north. However, assimilation policies including the wide-scale slaughter of community dogs between 1950 and 1970, the High Arctic relocation as well as forced participation within the Canadian Indian residential school system has left Inuit society with language loss and transgenerational trauma.
Today, Inuit Nunangat is overseen by the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, meaning either "Inuit are united with Canada" or "Inuit are united in Canada") which acts as a cultural centre piece and quasi-central government for Inuit affairs within Canada.
Inuit Nunangat
Inuit Nunangat (/ˈɪnjuɪt ˈnunæŋæt/;[citation needed] Inuktitut: ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᑦ [inuit nunaŋat] lit. 'Inuit's land'), formerly Inuit Nunaat (ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓈᑦ), is the homeland of the Inuit in Canada. This Arctic homeland consists of four northern Canadian regions called the Inuvialuit Settlement Region (Inuvialuit Nunangit Sannaiqtuaq, home of the Inuvialuit and the northern portion of the Northwest Territories and Yukon), the territory Nunavut (ᓄᓇᕗᑦ), Nunavik (ᓄᓇᕕᒃ) in northern Quebec, and Nunatsiavut of Newfoundland and Labrador.
The name Inuit Nunangat is composed of two elements: Inuit and Nunangat, both coming from Inuktitut. The first means "people", inherited from Proto-Inuit's *iŋuɣ meaning "human being". The second combines the word nuna "land" with the third person possessive ending -ngat, together meaning "their land".
Inuit of Canada originally used the Greenlandic Inuit term Nunaat which excludes the waters and ice. In 2009 the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami formally switched to the Inuktitut Nunangat in 2009 to reflect the integral nature "land, water, and ice" have to Inuit culture.
Inuit are the most recent Indigenous arrivals on the continent aside from Métis. Inuit ancestors known as the Thule settled the Arctic, replacing the previous dominant Dorset culture (Tuniit) over the course of around 200 years. Displacement of the Tuniit (Inuktitut syllabics; ᑐᓃᑦ), or the Dorset people, and the arrival of the Inuit (whose ancestors are often called Thule) occurred in the 1100–1300s CE. Coming from Siberia where they split from the Aleut and other related peoples about 4,000 years ago, Inuit had reached Inughuit Nunaat[clarification needed] in western Greenland by about 1300 CE, bringing with them transport dogs and various new technologies.
Trade relations were and remain strong with bordering countries and nations, such as with the Gwichʼin and Dënesųłı̨né (Chipewyan) of Denendeh (now in the Northwest Territories) and Innu of Nitassinan (Innu: ᓂᑕᔅᓯᓇᓐ), though occasional conflicts arose. Martin Frobisher's 1576 expedition to find the Northwest Passage landed on and around Baffin Island, in today's Qikiqtaaluk Region (Inuktitut syllabics: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ ), where three Inuit, a man called Calichough (Kalicho), an unrelated Inuk woman, Egnock (Arnaq), and her child, Nutioc (Nuttaaq), were kidnapped and brought to the Europe, where they all died.
Canadian colonization extended in to Inuit Nunangat via the lands claimed as Rupert's Land, North-Western Territory and Quebec, later including Newfoundland and Labrador. Rapid spread of diseases, material wealth, the Christian churches and Canadian (Royal Canadian Mounted Police) policing saw a rapid decline and collapse of Inuit Nunangat, from which it is still recovering.
Since European colonizers had little desire to settle much of Inuit Nunangat's territories, the violence experienced by southern First Nations was comparatively minimal in the north. However, assimilation policies including the wide-scale slaughter of community dogs between 1950 and 1970, the High Arctic relocation as well as forced participation within the Canadian Indian residential school system has left Inuit society with language loss and transgenerational trauma.
Today, Inuit Nunangat is overseen by the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, meaning either "Inuit are united with Canada" or "Inuit are united in Canada") which acts as a cultural centre piece and quasi-central government for Inuit affairs within Canada.
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