Istrate Micescu

Istrate N. Micescu (22 May 1881 – 22 May 1951) was a Romanian lawyer, Law and Political Science professor at the University of Bucharest's Law Department, and politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania.

Micescu was born on 22 May 1881 in Ploiești to one of the families of the nobility in Romania, son of professor and liberal politician Nicolae Micescu and Maria Rădulescu. After graduating in 1899 from the Ion Brătianu High School in Pitești, he studied for a semester at the University of Bucharest. He then went to Sorbonne University in Paris to study law and philology, obtaining his Law degree magna cum laude in 1906.

Upon returning to Romania, Micescu practiced Law, first at the Argeș County bar, and then at the Ilfov County bar. In 1907 he competed against Nicolae Titulescu for an open faculty position at the Law School of the University of Iași, and was successful in securing the appointment. He later transferred to the University of Bucharest, where he was appointed Professor of Civil Law. During World War I, he served as lieutenant in the Romanian Army, and was wounded at the Battle of Mărășești in 1917.

In 1918, he joined the National Liberal Party of Romania and was a deputy in the Parliament of Romania in 1920, 1927, and 1931. In 1931 Micescu was elected vice-president of the Chamber of Deputies. He was also senator, first for Muscel and then Ploiești. He served as Dean of the Ilfov Bar Association (which includes Bucharest), first in 1923–1926, and then in 1936.

Micescu was antisemitic. He formed a group called the Association of Romanian Christian Lawyers, and in November 1935 he made an alliance with Corneliu Zelea Codreanu's fascistic Iron Guard in order to intimidate his political opponents in the Bucharest Bar Association. Micescu was one of the main antisemitic instigators in the Bar Association and, on 7 February 1937 he presided the Bar when it decided to no longer admit Jewish lawyers. After Legionary students helped him gain control of the Ilfov Bar Association, Micescu made denigrating remarks about Codreanu’s electoral alliances in 1937; Codreanu launched a libel suit against Micescu, but in December 1937 he lost the suit.

Micescu's antisemitism led him to leave the National Liberal Party and join Octavian Goga's National Christian Party. On 29 December 1937, he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania in the Goga cabinet. He served as Foreign Minister until 10 February 1938.

Micescu was the author of the 1938 Constitution of Romania, which established the monarchic regime of King Carol II of Romania. He began working on the constitution in mid-February and completed it in 3 days. Although he had previously praised Micescu as being "an eminent jurist," Nicolae Iorga was not pleased with the result: "Our Constitution should be the product of the nation, relying on strict principles of the soul and the manifestations of our people. Our first Constitution was created by a certain Alecu Constantinescu, and that of last February by Istrate Micescu, an idiotic jurist who only sees that which is written in his manuals and that which the king has told him." In December, the National Renaissance Front was formed as the only legally permitted party; Micescu became a member of the ruling council of the party, and a Senator in the new Parliament.

In late November 1939, Micescu served for a week as Minister of Justice in the Fifth Tătărăscu cabinet. As head of the Ministry of Justice he promoted and brutally enacted antisemitic laws.^{[citation needed]}