Jalil Mammadguluzadeh
Jalil Mammadguluzadeh
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Jalil Mammadguluzadeh

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Jalil Mammadguluzadeh

Jalil Huseyngulu oghlu Mammadguluzadeh (Azerbaijani: جلیل مَمَغُلوزاده, Cəlil Məmmədquluzadə; 22 February 1869 – 4 January 1932), was an Azerbaijani satirist and writer. He was the founder of Molla Nasraddin, a satirical magazine that would greatly influence the genre in the Middle East and Central Asia.

Mammadguluzadeh is considered to be one of the first women's rights activists in Azerbaijan and Middle East and had a big role in founding the first women's magazine in Azerbaijan.

Mammadguluzadeh was born in the territory of the modern-day Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan. He first joined ecclesiastical school and went to Nakhchivan city school and learned Russian at the age of thirteen.

Mammadguluzadeh considered himself to be Iranian, and was proud of the fact that his ancestors hailed from Iran. In 1882 he joined the Gori Pedagogical Seminary in the Georgian city of Gori and it was here that he developed his worldview.

In 1887, he graduated from the Gori Pedagogical Seminary and for the next ten years was involved in teaching at rural schools in Bashnorashen (Sharur), Ulukhanli, Nehram and other towns and villages of the Erivan Governorate.

Mammadguluzadeh was a strong activist of the language unification. He condemned many of his contemporaries for what he considered a corruption of the Azerbaijani language by replacing its genuine vocabulary with newly introduced Russian, Persian and Ottoman Turkish loanwords, often alien and confusing to many readers. Later he became deeply involved in the process of Romanization of the Azerbaijani alphabet.

After completing his education in 1887 he moved to the village in the Irevan province to be a teacher. In 1898, he moved to Erivan; in 1903, he moved to Tiflis where he became a columnist for the local Sharqi-Rus newspaper published in the Azerbaijani language where he published his first short story the Postbox after is read by the writer Muhammad agha Shakhtakhtinski he encouraged him to publish in Sharqi-Rus. In March of 1903, he met one of a close friend and colleague Omar Faig Nemanzade who also becomes a prominent journalist in his own right.

However, Sharqi-Rus didn't last long and only after publishing for two years in 1905 it was shut down. In March of 1905 after the closing of Sharqi-Rus and, he requested the government to published newspaper Novruz and were granted in summer of 1905 however he felt that he is limited in the range of content on the newspaper and relinquished the rights to Igbal newspaper owned by M.M. Vakilov.

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