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Kalgoorlie

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Kalgoorlie

Kalgoorlie (/ˈkælˌɡʊːɹli/ kal-GOOR-LEE), also known as Kalgoorlie–Boulder, is a city in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, located 595 km (370 mi) east-northeast of Perth at the end of the Great Eastern Highway. It is referred to as Kalgoorlie–Boulder as the surrounding urban area includes the historic townsite of Boulder and the local government area is the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder.

Kalgoorlie–Boulder lies on the traditional lands of the Kapurn People. The city was established in 1893 during the Western Australian gold rushes. It soon replaced Coolgardie as the largest settlement on the Eastern Goldfields. Kalgoorlie is the ultimate destination of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme and the Golden Pipeline Heritage Trail. The nearby Super Pit gold mine was Australia's largest open-cut gold mine for many years.

During August 2021, Kalgoorlie–Boulder had an estimated urban population of 29,072, a slight decline from the recent peak of 32,966 in 2013.

As of 1894, when the Western Australian government decided to declare a townsite for the place now named Kalgoorlie, the area was known locally as "Hannan's Find", an allusion to Patrick (Paddy) Hannan and his gold find there in June 1893. That name was also the local preference for any official nomenclature, but the name proposed for the official townsite was "Hannans".

In suggesting that name to the Commissioner of Crown Lands, the Under Secretary for Lands, R Cecil Clifton, observed that the "native name of the place is 'Calgoorlie' but this is rather too much like Coolgardie and if adopted is, I fear likely to lead to postal mistakes". Despite that observation, the Forrest ministry selected "Kalgoorlie" in August 1894, and that choice soon came to be accepted.

The name Kalgoorlie (sometimes unofficially spelt Kalgurli) has its origins in the Wangai language spoken by certain Aboriginal peoples of the Eastern Goldfields sub-region.

Various sources have given the name a variety of meanings, including 'an Aboriginal dog chasing a kangaroo', the name of a local shrub (Galgurli) and the name, or place, of the edible silky pear (Kulgoolah) (also spelt Karlkurla or Kulgooluh).

The townsite of Boulder, gazetted in 1896, is named after a gold mining lease, "The Great Boulder". The name of the mining lease, in turn, alludes to a discussion in 1893 between four men in Dashwoods Gully, South Australia. That discussion was about a local mining lease known as "The Boulder", which featured large sandstone boulders with a few wiry stringers of gold.

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