Korean hip-hop
Korean hip-hop
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Korean hip-hop

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Korean hip-hop

Korean hip-hop, also known as K-hip-hop or K-rap, is a subgenre of the South Korean popular music.

It is widely considered to have originated in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and has since become increasingly popular, both in South Korea and abroad.

While South Korea's hip-hop culture includes various elements such as rap, graffiti, DJing, turntablism, and b-boying, rapping makes up a significant part of the culture. The term "hip-hop" is largely recognized and understood as "rap" in Korea.

The interplay between the Korean language and English has been used as a technical and aesthetic device in Korean hip-hop. Many Korean hip-hop songs contain syllabic similarities that could be interpreted in either languages. The bilingual aspect of this music is one distinguishing factor between Korean hip-hop and American hip-hop.

As early-stage Korean hip-hop was heavily influenced by African-American hip-hop, Korean hip-hop artists began using AAVE in their lyrics. The dominance of Korean-Americans in the Korean hip-hop scene also contributed to the use of mixed languages in Korean hip-hop. English-speaking Korean diaspora artists such as Drunken Tiger, Epik High's Tablo, Swings, Jay Park, and San E have included English lyrics in their raps.

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, there were debates on the authenticity of lyrics written in English, and some artists deliberately refrained from using English in their lyrics. Garion was widely known for only using the Korean language in their lyrics. The word, Garion, a Korean word referring to a mythical white horse with a black mane, also reflects the group's identity. Today, the movement has weakened as Korean rap is now believed to have fully established in terms of linguistic and rhythmic making using the Korean language.

Although Korean hip-hop adopted American hip-hop music, the difference in culture naturally led to the difference in lyrical content. For example, in the early stages of Korean hip-hop music, many Korean rappers referenced Confucian values and idioms. Bill Stax (formerly known as Vasco), a Korean rapper, explains, “While American hip-hop mainly dealt with themes of women, money, and drugs, there are no drugs in Korea. We need to tell stories that our friends can relate to and enjoy.” Themes that are most often dealt with in Korean hip-hop music are everyday life, personal stories and social issues specific to Korean culture in the case of underground hip-hop, and love in the case of mainstream hip-hop.

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