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Kuytun
Kuytun (Uyghur: كۈيتۇن) or Kuitun (Chinese: 奎屯) is a county-level city with about 285,000 residents (2000 census) in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China. Kuitun is located between Wusu and Shihezi on the railway from Ürümqi to Kazakhstan, close to a desert.
Kuytun has historically been associated with the 7th Xinjiang Agriculture Construction Division (兵团第七师), which ran the city until 1975 but still administers its Tianbei New Area.
Local industries include food processing and textile industries, as well as Kuitun Power Plant.
The name Kuytun is from the Mongolian word "хүйтэн" (xüjten), which literally means "cold". The Chinese name Kuiteng (奎騰) first appeared in the official historical book History of Yuan, and referred to the Kuytun River. According to legend, during Genghis Khan's campaign of westard expansion, some of his troops were stationed in the area in wintertime and commented on the cold weather by repeatedly shouting "kuytun!" The area has since been named Kuytun.
At the latest in the 3rd century BC (Qin dynasty), the Saka people appeared in the place of present Kuytun area. This was followed by the Great Yuezhi people and then the Usans.
Kuytun was part of Protectorate of the Western Regions (59 BC) in the Han period. During the period of the Jin, Sixteen Kingdoms and Northern and Southern dynasties, it was part of Yueban, then that was followed by the Northern Wei, Rouran and then the First Turkic Khaganate. It was the territory of Tiele tribes in Western Turk in the Sui period and of Kunling Protectorate (崑陵都護府) in the Tang period. It was part of Toquz Oghuz and it was followed by Liao State in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The place was within the territory of Mongol Qurzh (曲儿只) in the period of Genghis Khan (1206 - 1227), and as part of the Chagatai Khanate between 1306 - 1330. As the pastureland of Oirats, it was under the administration of Kur Qara Usu (庫爾喀喇烏蘇) of Dzungars in the Qing period. When Xinjiang Province was found in 1884, the army camps (军台) and fortress (营塘) in the province were changed into military posts (驿站), Kuytun Post (奎屯驿) was one of that in those days.
The territory was Kuytun Divion (Kuitunzhuang, 奎屯庄), one of nine divisions in Wusu County (乌苏县) in 1913. In 1945, Wusu County was divided into four minggans (administrative Division below the county, 千户长), Kuytun was one of that. The minggan of Kuytun had five centenarii (百户长) of Kuytun (奎屯), Bayingou (巴音沟), Jiujianlou (九间楼), Huanggong (皇宫) and Bashisihu (八十四户) under its administration. The security police station (保安派出所) was found in Kuytun in 1948.
In August 1950, the administrative division of minggan in Wusu County was transformed into a district, and a centenarii into a township. Kuytun was the 1st township of the 2nd district in Wusu County, and it had five unincorporated villages of Huanggou (黄沟), Tashikuitun (塔什奎屯), Kalasu (喀拉苏), Diankuitun (店奎屯) and Kaiganqi (开干其) under its administration.
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Kuytun
Kuytun (Uyghur: كۈيتۇن) or Kuitun (Chinese: 奎屯) is a county-level city with about 285,000 residents (2000 census) in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China. Kuitun is located between Wusu and Shihezi on the railway from Ürümqi to Kazakhstan, close to a desert.
Kuytun has historically been associated with the 7th Xinjiang Agriculture Construction Division (兵团第七师), which ran the city until 1975 but still administers its Tianbei New Area.
Local industries include food processing and textile industries, as well as Kuitun Power Plant.
The name Kuytun is from the Mongolian word "хүйтэн" (xüjten), which literally means "cold". The Chinese name Kuiteng (奎騰) first appeared in the official historical book History of Yuan, and referred to the Kuytun River. According to legend, during Genghis Khan's campaign of westard expansion, some of his troops were stationed in the area in wintertime and commented on the cold weather by repeatedly shouting "kuytun!" The area has since been named Kuytun.
At the latest in the 3rd century BC (Qin dynasty), the Saka people appeared in the place of present Kuytun area. This was followed by the Great Yuezhi people and then the Usans.
Kuytun was part of Protectorate of the Western Regions (59 BC) in the Han period. During the period of the Jin, Sixteen Kingdoms and Northern and Southern dynasties, it was part of Yueban, then that was followed by the Northern Wei, Rouran and then the First Turkic Khaganate. It was the territory of Tiele tribes in Western Turk in the Sui period and of Kunling Protectorate (崑陵都護府) in the Tang period. It was part of Toquz Oghuz and it was followed by Liao State in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The place was within the territory of Mongol Qurzh (曲儿只) in the period of Genghis Khan (1206 - 1227), and as part of the Chagatai Khanate between 1306 - 1330. As the pastureland of Oirats, it was under the administration of Kur Qara Usu (庫爾喀喇烏蘇) of Dzungars in the Qing period. When Xinjiang Province was found in 1884, the army camps (军台) and fortress (营塘) in the province were changed into military posts (驿站), Kuytun Post (奎屯驿) was one of that in those days.
The territory was Kuytun Divion (Kuitunzhuang, 奎屯庄), one of nine divisions in Wusu County (乌苏县) in 1913. In 1945, Wusu County was divided into four minggans (administrative Division below the county, 千户长), Kuytun was one of that. The minggan of Kuytun had five centenarii (百户长) of Kuytun (奎屯), Bayingou (巴音沟), Jiujianlou (九间楼), Huanggong (皇宫) and Bashisihu (八十四户) under its administration. The security police station (保安派出所) was found in Kuytun in 1948.
In August 1950, the administrative division of minggan in Wusu County was transformed into a district, and a centenarii into a township. Kuytun was the 1st township of the 2nd district in Wusu County, and it had five unincorporated villages of Huanggou (黄沟), Tashikuitun (塔什奎屯), Kalasu (喀拉苏), Diankuitun (店奎屯) and Kaiganqi (开干其) under its administration.