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Lieutenant colonel (United States)
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Lieutenant colonel (United States)
In the United States Army, Marine Corps, Air Force and Space Force, lieutenant colonel is a senior officer rank, just above the rank of major and just below the rank of colonel. It is equivalent to the naval rank of commander in the other uniformed services.
The pay grade for the rank of lieutenant colonel is O-5. In the United States armed forces, the insignia for the rank is a silver oak leaf, with slight stylized differences between the version of the Army and the Air Force and that of the Navy and the Marine Corps.
Promotion to lieutenant colonel is governed by Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act (DOPMA) of 1980, for officers in the Active Component, and its companion Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act (ROPMA), for officers in the Reserve Component (e.g., Reserve and National Guard). DOPMA guidelines suggest that 70 percent of majors be promoted to lieutenant colonel after serving at least three years at their present rank and after 15–17 years of cumulative commissioned service.
The U.S. Army uses the three letter abbreviation "LTC," while the Marine Corps and Air Force use the abbreviations of "LtCol" and "Lt Col" (note the space), respectively. These abbreviation formats are also outlined in The Naval Institute Guide to Naval Writing and in Air Force Handbook 33-337 (AFH 33-337), The Tongue and Quill.
The United States Government Publishing Office recommends the abbreviation "LTC" for U.S. Army usage, "LtCol" for Marine Corps usage, and "Lt. Col." for the Air Force. The Associated Press Stylebook recommends the abbreviation "Lt. Col." for the Army, Marine Corps, and Air Force.
There are various slang terms for the rank historically used in the U.S. military, mostly mocking the lieutenant colonel for not being a "full bird" colonel, include "light colonel", "short colonel", "light bird", "half colonel" (British in origin), "bottlecap colonel" (referring to the silver oak leaf insignia), and "telephone colonel" (from self-reference as "Colonel [Surname]" when using a telephone).
The rank of lieutenant colonel has existed in England since the 16th century and was used in the militias and provincial forces of the Thirteen Colonies. The Continental Army used the rank in the same way the British Army did: as the highest ranking officer in a line infantry regiment after its colonel. The lieutenant colonel was sometimes known as "lieutenant to the colonel."[citation needed] In the British army, regiments were commanded by their lieutenant colonels, as the colonel was a titular position (with the incumbent often being absent from his regiment and serving as a senior staff officer or general officer or in a political or courtly role in Britain). Since British colonels were not "combat" officers, from May 1778 onwards Continental regiments began to eliminate colonels by attrition and replace them with lieutenant colonel commandants to simplify prisoner exchanges. The conversion was never completely effected and some regiments remained commanded by colonels throughout the war. From 1784 until 1791, there was only one lieutenant colonel in the United States Army: Josiah Harmar, who acted as the army's commanding officer.
In the Continental Army aides to the Commander in Chief, viz., Lieutenant General George Washington, were lieutenant colonels. Additionally, certain officers serving under the Adjutant General, Inspector General, and Judge Advocate General, ranked as lieutenant colonels. During the 19th century, lieutenant colonel was often a terminal rank for many officers, since the full rank "colonel" was considered extremely prestigious and reserved only for the most successful officers. Upon the outbreak of the Civil War, the rank of lieutenant colonel became much more common and was used as a "stepping stone" for officers who commanded small regiments or battalions and were expected, by default, to be promoted to full colonel once the manpower of a regiment grew in strength. Such was the case of Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, who commanded a Maine regiment as both a lieutenant colonel and later as a colonel.
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Lieutenant colonel (United States)
In the United States Army, Marine Corps, Air Force and Space Force, lieutenant colonel is a senior officer rank, just above the rank of major and just below the rank of colonel. It is equivalent to the naval rank of commander in the other uniformed services.
The pay grade for the rank of lieutenant colonel is O-5. In the United States armed forces, the insignia for the rank is a silver oak leaf, with slight stylized differences between the version of the Army and the Air Force and that of the Navy and the Marine Corps.
Promotion to lieutenant colonel is governed by Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act (DOPMA) of 1980, for officers in the Active Component, and its companion Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act (ROPMA), for officers in the Reserve Component (e.g., Reserve and National Guard). DOPMA guidelines suggest that 70 percent of majors be promoted to lieutenant colonel after serving at least three years at their present rank and after 15–17 years of cumulative commissioned service.
The U.S. Army uses the three letter abbreviation "LTC," while the Marine Corps and Air Force use the abbreviations of "LtCol" and "Lt Col" (note the space), respectively. These abbreviation formats are also outlined in The Naval Institute Guide to Naval Writing and in Air Force Handbook 33-337 (AFH 33-337), The Tongue and Quill.
The United States Government Publishing Office recommends the abbreviation "LTC" for U.S. Army usage, "LtCol" for Marine Corps usage, and "Lt. Col." for the Air Force. The Associated Press Stylebook recommends the abbreviation "Lt. Col." for the Army, Marine Corps, and Air Force.
There are various slang terms for the rank historically used in the U.S. military, mostly mocking the lieutenant colonel for not being a "full bird" colonel, include "light colonel", "short colonel", "light bird", "half colonel" (British in origin), "bottlecap colonel" (referring to the silver oak leaf insignia), and "telephone colonel" (from self-reference as "Colonel [Surname]" when using a telephone).
The rank of lieutenant colonel has existed in England since the 16th century and was used in the militias and provincial forces of the Thirteen Colonies. The Continental Army used the rank in the same way the British Army did: as the highest ranking officer in a line infantry regiment after its colonel. The lieutenant colonel was sometimes known as "lieutenant to the colonel."[citation needed] In the British army, regiments were commanded by their lieutenant colonels, as the colonel was a titular position (with the incumbent often being absent from his regiment and serving as a senior staff officer or general officer or in a political or courtly role in Britain). Since British colonels were not "combat" officers, from May 1778 onwards Continental regiments began to eliminate colonels by attrition and replace them with lieutenant colonel commandants to simplify prisoner exchanges. The conversion was never completely effected and some regiments remained commanded by colonels throughout the war. From 1784 until 1791, there was only one lieutenant colonel in the United States Army: Josiah Harmar, who acted as the army's commanding officer.
In the Continental Army aides to the Commander in Chief, viz., Lieutenant General George Washington, were lieutenant colonels. Additionally, certain officers serving under the Adjutant General, Inspector General, and Judge Advocate General, ranked as lieutenant colonels. During the 19th century, lieutenant colonel was often a terminal rank for many officers, since the full rank "colonel" was considered extremely prestigious and reserved only for the most successful officers. Upon the outbreak of the Civil War, the rank of lieutenant colonel became much more common and was used as a "stepping stone" for officers who commanded small regiments or battalions and were expected, by default, to be promoted to full colonel once the manpower of a regiment grew in strength. Such was the case of Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, who commanded a Maine regiment as both a lieutenant colonel and later as a colonel.
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