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Mahout
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Mahout
A mahout is an elephant rider, trainer, or keeper. Mahouts were used since antiquity for both civilian and military use. Traditionally, mahouts came from ethnic groups with generations of elephant keeping experience, with a mahout retaining his elephant throughout its working life or service years.
The word mahout derives from the Hindi words mahaut (महौत) and mahāvat (महावत), and originally from the Sanskrit mahāmātra (महामात्र).
Another term is cornac or kornak, which entered many European languages via Portuguese. This word derives ultimately from the Sanskrit term karināyaka, a compound of karin (elephant) and nayaka (leader). In Kannada, a person who takes care of elephants is called a maavuta, and in Telugu the word used is mavati; this word is also derived from Sanskrit. In Tamil, the word used is pahan, which means 'elephant keeper', and in Sinhala kurawanayaka ('stable master'). In Malayalam the word used is paappaan.
In Burma, the profession is called u-si; in Thailand kwan-chang (ควาญช้าง); and in Vietnam quản tượng.
The most common tools used by mahouts are chains and the aṅkuśa (goad, also ankus or anlius) – a sharp metal hook used as guide in the training and handling of the elephant.
In India, especially Kerala, mahouts use three types of device to control elephants. The thotti (hook), which is 3.5 feet in length and about 1 inch thick; the valiya kol (long pole), which is 10.5 feet in length and about 1 inch in thickness; and the cheru kol (short pole).
Elephants, and therefore also mahouts, have long been integral to politics and the economy throughout Southern and South-eastern Asia. The animals are given away per request of government ministers and sometimes as gifts. In addition to more traditional occupations, today mahouts are employed in many countries by forestry services and the logging industry, as well as in tourism.
Elephants can remember tone, melody, and words, allowing them to recognise more than 20 verbal commands. The Singapore Zoo featured a show called "elephants at work and play" until 2018, where the elephants' caretakers were referred to as "mahouts", and demonstrated how elephants are used as beasts of burden in Southeast Asia. The verbal commands given to the elephants by the mahouts are all in Sinhala, one of the two official languages of Sri Lanka.
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Mahout
A mahout is an elephant rider, trainer, or keeper. Mahouts were used since antiquity for both civilian and military use. Traditionally, mahouts came from ethnic groups with generations of elephant keeping experience, with a mahout retaining his elephant throughout its working life or service years.
The word mahout derives from the Hindi words mahaut (महौत) and mahāvat (महावत), and originally from the Sanskrit mahāmātra (महामात्र).
Another term is cornac or kornak, which entered many European languages via Portuguese. This word derives ultimately from the Sanskrit term karināyaka, a compound of karin (elephant) and nayaka (leader). In Kannada, a person who takes care of elephants is called a maavuta, and in Telugu the word used is mavati; this word is also derived from Sanskrit. In Tamil, the word used is pahan, which means 'elephant keeper', and in Sinhala kurawanayaka ('stable master'). In Malayalam the word used is paappaan.
In Burma, the profession is called u-si; in Thailand kwan-chang (ควาญช้าง); and in Vietnam quản tượng.
The most common tools used by mahouts are chains and the aṅkuśa (goad, also ankus or anlius) – a sharp metal hook used as guide in the training and handling of the elephant.
In India, especially Kerala, mahouts use three types of device to control elephants. The thotti (hook), which is 3.5 feet in length and about 1 inch thick; the valiya kol (long pole), which is 10.5 feet in length and about 1 inch in thickness; and the cheru kol (short pole).
Elephants, and therefore also mahouts, have long been integral to politics and the economy throughout Southern and South-eastern Asia. The animals are given away per request of government ministers and sometimes as gifts. In addition to more traditional occupations, today mahouts are employed in many countries by forestry services and the logging industry, as well as in tourism.
Elephants can remember tone, melody, and words, allowing them to recognise more than 20 verbal commands. The Singapore Zoo featured a show called "elephants at work and play" until 2018, where the elephants' caretakers were referred to as "mahouts", and demonstrated how elephants are used as beasts of burden in Southeast Asia. The verbal commands given to the elephants by the mahouts are all in Sinhala, one of the two official languages of Sri Lanka.
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