Marty Makary

Martin Adel Makary (/məˈkæri/) is a British-American surgeon, professor, author, and medical commentator who has served as the 27th commissioner of food and drugs since 2025. He practices surgical oncology and gastrointestinal laparoscopic surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital, is Mark Ravitch Chair in Gastrointestinal Surgery at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, and is the chief of Islet Transplant Surgery at Johns Hopkins. Makary completed his surgical residency at Georgetown University and sub-specialty training in surgical oncology and gastrointestinal surgery at Johns Hopkins under John Cameron, later joining Cameron’s faculty practice.

Makary has pioneered advanced laparoscopic procedures, including the first laparoscopic Whipple and Frey’s procedures at Johns Hopkins, and led the development of “The Surgery Checklist” in collaboration with the World Health Organization. Makary has held several leadership roles at Johns Hopkins, including Credentials Chair, Director of Quality and Safety for Surgery, clinical lead for the Sibley Innovation Hub, and Executive Director of Improving Wisely. He has published extensively on surgical safety, frailty, teamwork, and hospital quality, and has advocated for public reporting of physician-endorsed quality measures, price transparency, and reform in drug pricing.

Makary is also a bestselling author, with works including Unaccountable, The Price We Pay, Mama Maggie, and Blind Spots, focusing on improving healthcare systems, critical evaluation of medical practices, and personal narratives of humanitarian work. In 2018, he was elected to the National Academy of Medicine. Some of his research and commentary has been controversial, including a widely cited paper claiming medical error is the third leading cause of death in the United States. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Makary supported universal masking early on and vaccines for adults, but opposed broad vaccine mandates, certain school and university restrictions, and boosters for younger populations.

In November 2024, President-Elect Donald Trump announced Makary would be his nominee to head the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as its commissioner. He was confirmed by the United States Senate in March 2025. As FDA commissioner, Makary has prioritized modernizing regulatory processes, launching AI-assisted review tools, and incorporating anecdotal evidence in food safety decisions.

Makary was born in Liverpool, England, and moved to Baltimore as a young child. His Egyptian family later moved to Danville, Pennsylvania, when his father took a job as a hematologist at the Geisinger Medical Center. Makary holds undergraduate and medical degrees from Bucknell University, and Thomas Jefferson University. He also completed a Masters of Public Health (M.P.H.) degree, with a concentration in health policy.

Makary completed a surgical residency at Georgetown University in Washington D.C. where he also worked as a writer for The Advisory Board Company. Makary completed sub-specialty surgery training at Johns Hopkins in surgical oncology and gastrointestinal surgery under surgeon John Cameron, before joining Cameron's faculty practice as a partner. In his first few years on the faculty at Johns Hopkins, Makary researched and wrote articles on the prevention of surgical complications. He published on frailty as a medical condition, and on safety and teamwork culture in medicine. Makary is the first author of the original scientific publications describing "The Surgery Checklist". Makary worked with the World Health Organization to develop the official World Health Organization Surgical Checklist.

Makary was named Mark Ravitch Chair in Gastrointestinal Surgery, an endowed chair at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, becoming the youngest endowed chair recipient at the time at the university. Three years later, he was named the Credentials Chair and Director of Quality and Safety for Surgery at Johns Hopkins. In 2020, Makary was named Editor-in-Chief of MedPage Today. He was also appointed chief of the Johns Hopkins Islet Transplant Center, clinical lead for the Johns Hopkins Sibley Innovation Hub, Executive Director of Improving Wisely, a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation project to lower health care costs, and is founder of the Johns Hopkins Center For Surgical Outcomes Research and Clinical Trials.

Makary is a pancreatic surgeon and has pioneered novel surgical procedures. He was awarded the Nobility in Science Award by the National Pancreas Foundation for performing the world's first series of laparoscopic pancreas islet transplant operations. He has traveled with his international team overseas. Makary specializes in advanced laparoscopic surgery and performed the first laparoscopic Whipple surgery at Johns Hopkins and the first laparoscopic Frey's procedure for pancreatitis.