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Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
The Mercedes-Benz M180 (along with the related M127, M108, M129, M130, M114, and M123) is a family of single overhead camshaft inline-6 internal combustion engines used in Mercedes-Benz vehicles from the early 1950s to the mid‑1980s. Featuring a reverse-flow cylinder head, staggered valve arrangement, and rockers actuated by a single overhead camshaft driven by a duplex chain, these engines were produced in both carburetted and fuel‑injected versions with displacements ranging from 2.2 to 2.8 litres.
The original design by Wolf-Dieter Bensinger is a 2.2 L (2,196 cc; 134.0 cu in) single overhead camshaft inline-six internal combustion engine introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show in April 1951 to power the company's new 220 (W187).
Although introduced in parallel with the M186 “big six,” that engine family (M188, M189, M194, M198, M199) is of completely different design with little or no part interchangeability. The M180, however, influenced the design of Mercedes‑Benz’s OHC four‑cylinder engine, the M121 in 1955, sharing not only the architecture but many components. It in turn influenced its diesel sibling, the OM621, in 1958. These evolved into the M115 and OM615 engines in 1968. The diesel range later expanded into the larger‑displacement OM616 in 1973 and the five‑cylinder OM617 in 1974.
In its original form, the first‑generation M180 I (180.920) had an oversquare 80 mm × 72.8 mm (3.15 in × 2.87 in) bore and stroke, giving a 2196‑cc displacement. Fed by twin downdraught Solex 30 PAAJ carburettors and with a 6.5:1 compression ratio, it produced 80 PS (59 kW; 79 hp) at 4600 rpm and 14.5 kg⋅m (142 N⋅m; 105 lb⋅ft) at 2500 rpm, with piston speeds of 11.1 m/s (maximum) and 6.1 m/s (mean).
The engine was paired with the chassis of the Mercedes-Benz 170S to create the new W187 220 model.
In June 1954 the new W180 Ponton was introduced, and the engine was adapted for this car. The M180 II (180.921) had a higher compression ratio (7.6:1) and upgraded carburettors (Solex 32 PAATJ). The W180 initially appeared only as a sedan , so production of the two‑door W187 continued and also received the new engine. After the engine was upgraded to the third‑generation .924 (see below), the older motor powered the new hybrid W105 “219”, which debuted simultaneously.
It produced 85 PS (63 kW; 84 hp) at 4800 rpm and 16 kg⋅m (157 N⋅m; 116 lb⋅ft) at 2400 rpm (piston speeds 11.6 m/s max, 5.8 m/s mean).
In August 1957 the compression ratio was raised to 8.7:1. Output increased to 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) at 4800 rpm and 17 kg⋅m (167 N⋅m; 123 lb⋅ft) at 2400 rpm (piston speeds 11.6 m/s max, 5.8 m/s mean).
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Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
The Mercedes-Benz M180 (along with the related M127, M108, M129, M130, M114, and M123) is a family of single overhead camshaft inline-6 internal combustion engines used in Mercedes-Benz vehicles from the early 1950s to the mid‑1980s. Featuring a reverse-flow cylinder head, staggered valve arrangement, and rockers actuated by a single overhead camshaft driven by a duplex chain, these engines were produced in both carburetted and fuel‑injected versions with displacements ranging from 2.2 to 2.8 litres.
The original design by Wolf-Dieter Bensinger is a 2.2 L (2,196 cc; 134.0 cu in) single overhead camshaft inline-six internal combustion engine introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show in April 1951 to power the company's new 220 (W187).
Although introduced in parallel with the M186 “big six,” that engine family (M188, M189, M194, M198, M199) is of completely different design with little or no part interchangeability. The M180, however, influenced the design of Mercedes‑Benz’s OHC four‑cylinder engine, the M121 in 1955, sharing not only the architecture but many components. It in turn influenced its diesel sibling, the OM621, in 1958. These evolved into the M115 and OM615 engines in 1968. The diesel range later expanded into the larger‑displacement OM616 in 1973 and the five‑cylinder OM617 in 1974.
In its original form, the first‑generation M180 I (180.920) had an oversquare 80 mm × 72.8 mm (3.15 in × 2.87 in) bore and stroke, giving a 2196‑cc displacement. Fed by twin downdraught Solex 30 PAAJ carburettors and with a 6.5:1 compression ratio, it produced 80 PS (59 kW; 79 hp) at 4600 rpm and 14.5 kg⋅m (142 N⋅m; 105 lb⋅ft) at 2500 rpm, with piston speeds of 11.1 m/s (maximum) and 6.1 m/s (mean).
The engine was paired with the chassis of the Mercedes-Benz 170S to create the new W187 220 model.
In June 1954 the new W180 Ponton was introduced, and the engine was adapted for this car. The M180 II (180.921) had a higher compression ratio (7.6:1) and upgraded carburettors (Solex 32 PAATJ). The W180 initially appeared only as a sedan , so production of the two‑door W187 continued and also received the new engine. After the engine was upgraded to the third‑generation .924 (see below), the older motor powered the new hybrid W105 “219”, which debuted simultaneously.
It produced 85 PS (63 kW; 84 hp) at 4800 rpm and 16 kg⋅m (157 N⋅m; 116 lb⋅ft) at 2400 rpm (piston speeds 11.6 m/s max, 5.8 m/s mean).
In August 1957 the compression ratio was raised to 8.7:1. Output increased to 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) at 4800 rpm and 17 kg⋅m (167 N⋅m; 123 lb⋅ft) at 2400 rpm (piston speeds 11.6 m/s max, 5.8 m/s mean).