National Nuclear Security Administration
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National Nuclear Security Administration

The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) is a United States federal agency responsible for safeguarding national security through the military application of nuclear science. NNSA maintains and enhances the safety, security, and effectiveness of the U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile; works to reduce the global danger from weapons of mass destruction; provides the United States Navy with safe and effective nuclear propulsion; and responds to nuclear and radiological emergencies in the United States and abroad.

Established by the United States Congress in 2000, NNSA is a semiautonomous agency within the United States Department of Energy.

The National Nuclear Security Administration was created by congressional action in 1999, in the wake of the Wen Ho Lee spy scandal and other allegations that lax administration by the Department of Energy had resulted in the loss of U.S. nuclear secrets to China. Originally proposed to be an independent agency, it was instead chartered as a semiautonomous agency within the Department of Energy to be headed by an administrator reporting to the secretary of energy. The first Under Secretary for Nuclear Security and NNSA administrator appointed was Air Force General (and CIA Deputy Director) John A. Gordon.

In 2006, it was confirmed that NNSA employee information had been hacked. A report criticized the response. NNSA's Administrator took responsibility.

In February 2025, CNN reported that the Trump administration had fired 300 National Nuclear Security Administration employees, while the Department of Energy responded that "less than 50 people" had been fired, and that the fired employees "held primarily administrative and clerical roles". A day after the firings, the Trump administration informed NNSA that "termination letters for some NNSA probationary employees are being rescinded, but we do not have a good way to get in touch with those personnel", since the fired employees had been blocked from their federal government email accounts, so the Trump administration asked NNSA to forward the notice to the fired employees' personal email accounts.

In July 2025, NNSA was reported to have been breached by Chinese state-sponsored advanced persistent threat groups dubbed Linen Typhoon, Violet Typhoon and Storm-2603.

NNSA has the following missions with regard to national security:

One of NNSA's primary missions is to maintain the safety, security and effectiveness of the United States' nuclear weapons stockpile. After the Cold War, the U.S. voluntarily ended underground nuclear testing. NNSA maintains the existing nuclear deterrent through the use of science experiments, engineering audits and high-tech simulations at its three national laboratories: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Sandia National Laboratories. It also creates new weapons programs as required by the United States Department of Defense.

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