Pathna is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Rajmahal subdivision of the Sahibganj district, Jharkhand state, India.

Pathna (Land), the eponymous CD block headquarters, is located at 24°50′30.7″N 87°45′21.5″E / 24.841861°N 87.755972°E / 24.841861; 87.755972.

It is located 54 km from Sahibganj, the district headquarters.

Sahebganj district may be divided into three natural divisions – (i) the hilly portion stretching from the Ganges on the north to the borders of West Bengal on the south, (ii) the uplands, undulations, long ridges and depressions, with fertile lands, and (iii) the low fertile alluvial plains lying between the hills and the Ganges, with the Sahibganj loop line passing through the narrow strip. Three rivers flowing through this region – the Ganges, Gumani and Bansloi – make the plains rich and cultivable.

The Santhal Pargana division has about 5,120 square kilometres (1,980 sq mi) hilly tract, out of which about 3,471 square kilometres (1,340 sq mi) is in Damin-i-koh, which is spread across Sahibganj, Godda and Dumka districts, a major portion being in Sahibganj district. The Borio, Barhait, Taljhari and Pathana CD blocks of Sahibganj district are in the Damin-i-koh tract. Dense forests once covering the hills slopes have thinned out. Paddy is produced in the valleys. Barbatti and maize are grown in the hill area. Paharias, Mal Paharias and Santals generally inhabit the area.

Pathna CD block is bounded by Taljhari CD block on the north, Udhwa and Barharwa CD blocks on the east, Littipara and Hiranpur CD blocks in Pakur district on the south, and Barhait CD block on the west.

Pathna CD block has an area of 171.39 km².Ranga police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD block is at Pathna village.

Pathna CD block has 124 inhabited (chiragi) and 26 uninhabited (bechiragi) villages.