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Philippines Football League
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| Organising body | Liga Futbol Inc. |
|---|---|
| Founded | 2017 |
| Country | Philippines |
| Confederation | AFC |
| Number of clubs | 11 |
| Level on pyramid | 1 |
| Domestic cup | Copa Paulino Alcantara (until 2023) |
| International cups | |
| Current champions | Kaya–Iloilo (3rd title) (2024–25) |
| Most championships | United City (4 titles) |
| Top scorer | Bienvenido Marañón (71) |
| Broadcaster(s) | Premier Sports (until 2024) Blast TV (until 2024) Fiber TV (streaming) Matchday+ (remaining games on the 2025 season) YouTube |
| Current: 2025–26 Philippines Football League | |
The Philippines Football League (PFL) is a men's professional football league in the Philippines. Sanctioned by the Philippine Football Federation (PFF) and organized by Liga Futbol Inc., it is the country's primary football competition. The 2025–26 season will be contested by 11 clubs from August 30, 2025. The league does not have a system of promotion and relegation. From 2018 to 2023, all PFL clubs also took part in the Copa Paulino Alcantara, the annual domestic cup competition.
Founded in 2017, the PFL supplanted the Metro Manila-based United Football League (UFL), which was the de facto top-tier league in the country from 2009 to 2016.[1] Since then, 11 clubs have competed in the PFL. United City (formerly Ceres–Negros) is the most successful club, with four consecutive titles. Aside from them, the only other club to have won the title is most recent champion Kaya–Iloilo.
The PFL's structure and organization has undergone several changes over the years. In 2018, the PFL was briefly dissolved due to financial and logistical issues, with the Philippine Premier League (PPL) supplanting it. However, with the folding of the PPL after just one matchday, the PFL was revived in May 2019.
History
[edit]Origins
[edit]Following the success of the Philippines national team in the 2010 AFF Championship, Philippines football experienced a renaissance. With no existing national football league, the United Football League (UFL) established itself as the de facto top-tier league in the Philippines. Under the guidance of the Football Alliance (FA) in partnership with United Football Clubs Association (UFCA), the UFL flourished. However, the PFF expressed the need to have a nationwide, community-based football league that is at par with the standards set by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).[2] The UFL, which was under the National Capital Region Football Association, could not be considered as a national league.
Foundations
[edit]
With the goal of establishing a truly nationwide professional football league in the Philippines, the PFF launched National League Task Force on December 2, 2013.[4] The task force was led by PFF president Mariano Araneta Jr. and general secretary Edwin Gastanes, also composing of Filipino economist Bernie Villegas, UFL president Randy Roxas, AFC deputy general secretary and competition director Dato' Windsor John, Filipino FIFA official Domeka Garamendi, AFC kick-off program director Yogesh Desai, UFL commissioner Bonnie Ladrido, ABS-CBN's Dino Laurena, former PFF general secretary Cyril Dofitas and Gelix Mercader.[5][6] The task force was tasked to do market research studies to determine the possible cities or regions where participating football clubs could be feasibly based, as well as assisting clubs in the Philippines to conform to the PFF club licensing regulations, of which the draft was initiated by Gastanes, with guidance from AFC. The PFF initially set a goal to launch the national league in two to three years from the inception of the task force.[2]
Singaporean sports marketing agency, Red Card Group led by former Singaporean international, R. Sasikumar, assisted the PFF in the initial stages of planning the league.[7]
Nielsen study
[edit]Nielsen was tasked by PFF, through funding from FIFA and AFC to conduct a study in 2015, where they identified 13 key localities throughout the Philippines as viable home venues for participating clubs in the PFL. Among the factors considered were existing infrastructures, accessibility, capacity of fans to pay, the existence of sponsors, and fan appreciation of the sport.[3]
"Philippines Football League" was the most-preferred name for a prospective league according to a Nielsen survey which covered interviews of 5,000 people nationwide. Other choices included "P-League", "Maharlika League" (inspired by a feudal warrior class existing in the Luzon region during the pre-colonial era),[8] "Liga Pilipina", and "Philippine Premier League".[9]
Launch
[edit]
The Philippines Football League was officially announced on September 7, 2016, and would be replacing the UFL as the Philippines' top-tier football league.[10]
At least six teams from all over the Philippines was planned to be part of the PFL, with clubs from the UFL invited to join. Clubs were given until December 2016 to formally apply to join the PFL.[3] The league competition was slated to begin in either the late March or early April in 2017.[1]
By April 1, 2017, the PFF confirmed the participation of 8 clubs from - Ilocos United and Stallion Laguna from Luzon; JPV Marikina, Kaya–Makati (now Kaya–Iloilo) and Meralco Manila (now Loyola) from Metro Manila; Ceres–Negros (now United City) and Global Cebu (now Global FC) from the Visayas; Davao Aguilas from Mindanao.[11]
The official launching of the PFL happened on April 21, 2017, at the Shangri-La at the Fort in Taguig.[12] The program was started by economist and PFL Task Force Chairman, Bernardo Villegas and ended by PFF President Mariano Araneta.[13]
2017 and 2018 seasons
[edit]The inaugural season in 2017 was contested by eight clubs and had two stages; the regular season and a playoff competition. The regular season adopted a home-and-away, double round-robin format. The top four teams in the regular season advanced to the play-off round, dubbed as the "Final Series", to determine the champions of the league.[14] Ceres-Negros won the inaugural league title.
For the second season, the Final Series was scrapped due to the introduction of the Copa Paulino Alcantara, the cup competition for the league.[15] The number of clubs in the league was reduced from eight to six after the departure of Ilocos United (then converted to a grassroots association)[16] and FC Meralco Manila (that stayed active on a youth level ever since),[17][18] both due to lack of investment and sponsorship, while Kaya-Makati F.C. relocated to Iloilo City and changed their name accordingly.[19] Ceres-Negros won their second title.[20]
Replacement by the Philippine Premier League
[edit]In late-2018, Triple CH led by Thailand-based Filipino businessman Bernie Sumayao became involved in the league and has entered talks with PFF chairman Mariano Araneta.[21] He was appointed as the league's new commissioner.[22] Sumayao pledged to institute financial and structural reforms in the league; including a rebrand of the league to the "Philippine Premier League" (PPL) starting the 2019 season, more favorable sponsorship policies, and the disestablishment of the franchise fee in favor of a less expensive registration fee for clubs.[21]
At least eight teams were projected to play in the PPL's inaugural season.[21] However, the end of the 2017 season also saw the departure of a third club in the league's history, Davao Aguilas[23] Despite this, the league has received applications from several new clubs aspiring to join the PFL.[21]
Revival and continued organization
[edit]The PPL effectively folded after the PFF announced that it has revoked its sanction of the league on May 3, 2019, due to its non compliance to the agreement with PFF.[24] The PFL was consequently revived, with a third season planned to commence within the year.[25] The new format proceeded as planned, with Ceres–Negros claiming their third consecutive league title despite internal managerial struggles.[26]
The PFL secured a three-year sponsorship deal with Qatar Airways on January 26, 2020, with the Qatari firm becoming the Airline partner and Title Sponsor of the PFL.[27] Negotiations for deal occurred as early as November 2019.[28] The league was formally renamed as "The Philippines Football League brought to you by Qatar Airways" as a result of the sponsorship.[29][30]
The 2020 season was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was later held in a bio-secure bubble in Carmona, Cavite from October 28 to November 9, 2020, while the edition of the Copa Paulino Alcantara was cancelled, due to the time constraints caused by the original postponement.[31][32][33] Ceres-Negros, which had just sustained an ownership change and got renamed as "United City F.C.",[34][35] then proceeded to win their fourth title in a row, with Kaya F.C.-Iloilo finishing second despite remaining unbeaten and thus becoming the first club in PFL's history to do so.[36]
The same year saw the official entry in the competition of newly founded Azkals Development Team, directly controlled by the national football federation, as a guest team that would host mainly "homegrown" young talents, as well as some overage players, in order to expand the resources of the national team.[37][38][39]
In 2021, following the rise of Philippines in the AFC rankings and the expansion of the AFC Champions League's group stage from 32 to 40 teams,[40][41] United City became the first Filipino team to qualify for the group stage of the competition, as winners of the 2020 edition of the PFL. Plus, the 2021 season saw both the return of the league cup, set to be organized in April,[42] and a slight expansion of the league,[43] with PFL commissioner Coco Torre announcing in February that Loyola F.C. (returning to the league after competing for the last time in 2018) and former UFL team Laos F.C. (on his official debut) had submitted their respective requests to join the competition.[44]
The 2024–25 season saw the reintroduction of the Finals Series, albeit as a distinct competition.[45]
For the 2025–26 season it marks the first time since the league's inception where there was no change in the number of teams participating, with ten teams competing in the season. However, last season's eighth- and ninth-placed teams, Loyola and the Philippine YNT, will not participate this season. In August, two teams from the 2024 season, namely Don Bosco Garelli United, Tuloy and Philippine Army, would rejoin the league to bring the number to 11.
Davao Aguilas, who finished sixth in the previous season, relocated their club to Makati and renamed to Aguilas–UMak F.C., with the latter derived from the University of Makati Stadium, where the club had previously trained and held matches.[46] After changing its name last season, Maharlika Taguig once again changed its name to simply Maharlika F.C.. The Mendiola FC 1991 will relocate from Imus, Cavite to Valenzuela and renamed to Valenzuela PB–Mendiola F.C.
Competition format
[edit]The PFL followed a traditional home-and-away double round-robin format during the 2018, 2019, and 2022–23 seasons, although some clubs did not have their home stadiums.
The 2018 season saw 7 teams playing each other 4 times. In the 2019 season with 6 teams competing, the format was made into a quadruple round-robin format, this time playing each other 5 times whole season.
In the 2020 season, all matches were held in a bio-secure bubble single venue with 5 matches played by each team in a span of 12 days starting from October 28 to November 12.[47] The last match was postponed due to Typhoon Vamco (Ulysses), although the match was never played, instead documented as a goalless draw against Mendiola and Stallion.
The 2022–23 season saw a switch from an intra-year format to an inter-year format due to the Asian Football Confederation changing its system of scheduling into an inter-year format. Each team played 22 games during this season, excluding United City, which withdrew mid-season.
After the success of the 2023 Copa Paulino Alcantara, the league saw an expansion from 7 teams to 15, an all time high for the league. With this the league schedule was again switched to a intra-year format for the 2024 season, and the format changed to a single round-robin tournament with 14 matches played by each team. This season also saw most of its games played in centralized venues, with almost all games played at the Rizal Memorial Stadium.
It was only during the 2017 season that the league had two phases; the regular season and the Finals Series, a play-off round where the top four teams played to determine the league champion.[14][10] The Finals Series was reintroduced for the 2024–25 season but as a distinct competition of its own.[45]
There was a proposal to convert the former UFL to a second division tournament or a reserve league to the PFL.[48][15] However, such plans never materialized.
Qualification for Asian competitions
[edit]- AFC Champions League
- 2017–2020: The league's champions qualify for the preliminary round of the play-offs, and they have to renounce to their slot in the AFC Cup in case of advancement to the group stage.
- 2021–2023: The league's champions qualify directly for the group stage of the tournament; the winners of the Copa Paulino Alcantara (or the league's second placers, only for the 2020 season) qualify for the preliminary round of the play-offs, and they have to renounce to their slot in the AFC Cup in case of advancement to the group stage.
- AFC Cup
- 2017: The league's second placers qualify directly for the group stage of the tournament, with third placers eligible to replace them whether they were unable to play in the competition; if the league's champions failed to advance to the group stage of AFC Champions League, they would still benefit from a free slot in the tournament.
- 2018–2020: The winners of the Copa Paulino Alcantara qualify directly for the group stage of the tournament; if the league's champions failed to advance to the group stage of AFC Champions League, they would still benefit from a free slot in the tournament.
- 2021–2023: The winners of the Copa Paulino Alcantara (or the league's second placers, only for the 2020 season) qualify directly for the group stage of the tournament.
- AFC Champions League Two
- 2024–present: The winners of the Copa Paulino Alcantara qualify for the 2024–25 AFC Champions League Two qualifying play-offs, with the league winners being given direct qualification for the 2024–25 AFC Champions League Two group stage.
Clubs
[edit]Twenty-one clubs have played in the PFL since its inception in 2017, up to and including the 2025–26 season.[49][better source needed]
| Philippines Football League | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Club | Location | Joined PFL | Founded | Best finish | Ref. | ||
| Aguilas–UMak | Makati, Metro Manila | 2017 | 2017 | 3rd (2018) | |||
| Don Bosco Garelli United | Makati, Metro Manila | 2024 | 2013 | 11th (2024) | |||
| Dynamic Herb Cebu | Cebu City, Cebu | 2022 | 2021 | 2nd (2022–23) | [50] | ||
| Kaya–Iloilo | Iloilo City, Iloilo | 2017 | 1996 | 1st (2022–23) | [51] | ||
| Maharlika | Taguig, Metro Manila | 2020 | 2020 | 5th (2022–23) | [52] | ||
| Manila Digger | Taguig, Metro Manila | 2024 | 2018 | 2nd (2024–25) | |||
| One Taguig | Taguig, Metro Manila | 2024 | 2024 | 3rd (2024–25) | |||
| Philippine Army | Taguig, Metro Manila | 2024 | 1960 | 14th (2024) | |||
| Stallion Laguna | Biñan, Laguna | 2017 | 2002 | 3rd (2019) | [53][54] | ||
| Tuloy | Muntinlupa, Metro Manila | 2024 | 2023 | 12th (2024) | |||
| Valenzuela PB–Mendiola | Valenzuela, Metro Manila | 2019 | 1991 | 4th (2022–23) | |||
Timeline
[edit]
League member Former member Guest team
Champions
[edit]
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Records
[edit]Organization
[edit]The Philippines Football League, along with the Copa Paulino Alcantara, is managed by the Pasig-based Liga Futbol Inc.[55][56][57] Singapore-based Red Card Global, a sports marketing agency has exclusive commercial rights to the PFL.[58] Each club had to pay a franchise fee to participate in the league.[10] Reportedly in April 2017, the franchise fee was pegged at $500,000 by the PFF which can be paid by member clubs within a period of five years.[59]
The league is professional in nature, clubs are intended to have a share of the league's broadcast revenues and sponsorship. Each club is allowed to be assisted by the league in securing their own sponsors.[1]
The professional status of the league is recognized by the Games and Amusements Board, the regulatory body for professional sports in the Philippines.[60]
In October 2018, the Philippines Football Federation was awarded the League Development award by the Asian Football Confederation for its organization of the PFL.[61]
Club identity
[edit]All PFL clubs were required under the PFF club licensing regulations to have a name that includes the name of their home locality. The clubs were also required to have nicknames, crests, and colors based on the unique characteristics of their home locality.[62]
Players and salaries
[edit]Participating clubs were allowed to have between 25 and 30 players. Reportedly in September 2016, four foreign players were to be allowed per club, with at least one coming from an AFC country.[9] On January 17, 2017, it was reported that this foreign player limit rule was yet to be finalized by the PFF.[63]
The PFL reportedly planned to have a salary cap and a salary floor.[10]
Youth development
[edit]All participating clubs in the PFL were required to commit to the organization and development of at least two youth teams, one under 18 and another under 15. The clubs' youth teams were required to participate in competitions organized by the Philippine Football Federation.[62]
Stadiums
[edit]The clubs of the PFL were required to have a certified home stadium either through ownership of the stadium or having an active contract with the owners of the stadium. Likewise, all clubs were required to have access to or own a training field and facility,[62] although some clubs have been allowed to provisionally participate even without a designated home stadium.
Sponsorship
[edit]Title sponsor
| Company | Period | Ref. |
|---|---|---|
| Qatar Airways | 2020–2023 | [64] |
Media coverage
[edit]
The Philippine Football Federation had an agreement with the People's Television Network to broadcast matches of the league which was signed in April 2017[65] though the network coverage of the league didn't last at least half a season.[66] Matches since then were live streamed through the MyCujoo online platform.[67]
On February 22, 2018, the league had signed an agreement with Sportradar which would enable it livestream matches through Sportradar's Over-The-Top (OTT) platform.[57][68] In April 2018, Liga Futbol Inc. approved a budget to secure a broadcasting partner for the 2018 season.[69]
For the 2019 season, all matches were streamed on Facebook and the league's official website.[70]
The Qatar Airways sponsorship deal signed with the league in January 2020 included provisions to broadcast selected matches live on television.[71] On October 15, during the virtual conference of the official launch of the 2020 PFL season, PFF President Mariano Araneta announced the partnership with One Play Sports as digital content partner.[72] Matches were also broadcast on cable television through EXPTV on Cignal and on the PFL's social media.[73]
On April 4, 2024, the league announced that they will have a tv coverage through Premier Sports on Cignal and Sky Cable and livestream via Blast TV, Fiber TV and the PFL website.[74] In the same month, Matchday Media was announced to be the content and business development partner of the PFL, providing pitchside reporters for the league's coverage.[75]
On January 8, 2025, all remaining games of the first and second round will be streamed live on matchday+.[76]
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- ^ Biantan, Jack (January 17, 2017). "Stallions FC Laguna prepares for Philippine Football League". Sun Star. Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ^ Neil (January 30, 2020). "Qatar Airways officially a Philippine Football League title sponsor". BusinessWorld Online. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
- ^ PTV Network at PFF, pumirma ng kasunduan [PTV Network and the PFF signed an agreement] (Television production). People's Television Network. April 12, 2017. Archived from the original on April 12, 2017. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
- ^ Limpag, Mike (December 28, 2017). "Here's hoping to a better PFL in 2018". Sun Star Cebu. Archived from the original on January 1, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
- ^ del Carmen, Lorenzo (January 1, 2018). "Smart Sports' Best of 2017: Banner year for Filipinas, Ceres-Negros". Tiebreaker Times. Archived from the original on January 2, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
- ^ del Carmen, Lorenzo (February 22, 2018). "PFL, Sportradar sign deal for online broadcast platform". Tiebreaker Times. Archived from the original on February 22, 2018. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
- ^ Doble, Henry (April 4, 2018). "PFL soon to air live coverage". Sun Star Bacolod. Archived from the original on April 5, 2018. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
- ^ Saldajeno, Ivan Stewart (January 29, 2020). "Qatar Airways formalizes partnership with PFL". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on January 30, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
The PFL did not enjoy having televised matches all season long last year from the league season to the Copa Paulino Alcantara, although all of the matches were streamed live in the PFL website and in its Facebook page.
- ^ "PFF Inks Three-Year Partnership With Qatar Airways For The PFL". Philippine Football Federation. January 29, 2020. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020. Retrieved January 29, 2020.
- ^ "Qatar Airways-backed Season Kickoff Set October 25". Philippine Football League. October 15, 2020. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
- ^ "5 things to look forward to in the upcoming PFL season". Phil Star. October 21, 2020. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "Facebook". www.facebook.com. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
- ^ Fenix, Ryan (April 24, 2024). "Opinion: PFL expands to record 15 teams — but lopsided scores a necessary prelude to 'better league'". GMA News. Retrieved February 19, 2025.
- ^ Facebook. January 8, 2025 https://www.facebook.com/share/15am4GAHPD/?. Retrieved January 15, 2025.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help)
External links
[edit]- Official website (archived)
- Philippines Football League on Facebook
Philippines Football League
View on GrokipediaHistory
Origins
Football in the Philippines traces its organized origins to the early 20th century, with the sport gaining traction among local communities during the American colonial period. The Philippine Amateur Football Association (PAFA), the forerunner of the modern Philippine Football Federation (PFF), was established in 1907 as the national governing body, making it one of Asia's oldest football associations. The PFF joined FIFA in 1930 and co-founded the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) in 1954, hosting the inaugural AFC Congress in Manila.[8][4][1] For much of the 20th century, domestic football operated under amateur and semi-professional frameworks, with regional leagues and national championships serving as the primary competitions. The National Football League, active from 1968 to 1984, represented the country's top-tier domestic structure during this era, though it struggled with limited participation and resources beyond Metro Manila-based teams.[9] By the late 2000s, the United Football League (UFL) emerged in 2009 as a semi-professional initiative, functioning as the de facto national premier division until its discontinuation in 2016 and featuring expanded club involvement to foster talent development.[4] The 2000s highlighted persistent challenges in Philippine football, including the absence of a fully professional league, chronically low attendance at matches—often under 1,000 spectators—and inadequate infrastructure that hindered growth. A severe governance crisis engulfed the PFF in 2010, involving a protracted power struggle between factions, which disrupted operations and prompted FIFA to intervene by recognizing a new leadership under President Mariano Araneta to restore stability.[10][11] These setbacks fueled advocacy from stakeholders for a structured professional top division to elevate standards, increase fan engagement, and align with international benchmarks. Responding to these pressures and AFC directives under its 2015–2020 Vision and Strategy for Asian Football—which emphasized professional leagues and club licensing criteria—the PFF launched initiatives from 2014 to 2016 to overhaul domestic structures. These included developing licensing regulations for clubs, conducting feasibility studies, and partnering with international consultants to transition from semi-professional to fully professional competition.[12][4]Foundations and Launch
In 2016, the Philippine Football Federation (PFF) announced the creation of the Philippines Football League (PFL) as the nation's first fully professional football league, designed to replace the semi-professional United Football League (UFL).[13] To evaluate the league's potential, the PFF commissioned a market research study from the Nielsen Company in 2016, funded by FIFA and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), which identified 13 key localities as viable home venues for clubs and demonstrated substantial fan interest in professional football, along with economic viability supported by prospective television deals and the capacity for 8–12 teams.[14] Club selection for the inaugural season focused on rigorous professional licensing criteria established by the PFF, including requirements for sporting infrastructure, administrative standards, personnel qualifications, legal compliance, and financial stability, resulting in the approval of six founding teams: Ceres–Negros, Global Cebu, Ilocos United, JP Voltes, Meralco Manila, and Stallion.[15] The PFL was officially launched on April 21, 2017, at the Shangri-La at the Fort in Taguig City, organized by Liga Pilipinas Football League Inc. under the sanction of the PFF; the initial competition format consisted of a single round-robin regular season followed by playoffs involving the top teams.[16]Early Seasons (2017–2018)
The inaugural 2017 season of the Philippines Football League featured eight teams competing in a double round-robin format from May to October, culminating in playoffs to determine the champion.[17] The participating clubs included Ceres–Negros, Global Cebu, JP Voltes, Kaya, Loyola Meralco Sparks, Stallion, Davao Aguilas, and Ilocos United, marking a shift toward a national professional structure with representation from various regions.[18] Ceres–Negros emerged as champions after defeating Global Cebu 4–1 in the finals at Panaad Stadium, securing the title in a match attended by 2,553 spectators.[19] Typical match attendances during the season ranged from approximately 2,000 to 5,000 fans, reflecting growing but modest interest in the new league. The season also introduced regulations allowing each team up to five foreign players, enhancing competitiveness and attracting international talent to bolster local squads.[20] In 2018, the league contracted to six teams following the withdrawal of Ilocos United and JP Voltes due to operational difficulties, retaining a double round-robin format among Ceres–Negros, Global Cebu, Kaya, Loyola Meralco Sparks, Stallion, and Davao Aguilas.[21] Ceres–Negros repeated as champions, clinching the title with a 6–1 victory over Global Cebu three matches before the season's end in August, demonstrating their dominance with an unbeaten run.[21] This success earned them qualification for the 2018 AFC Champions League qualifying play-offs, where they made their debut appearance, advancing past Shan United before elimination by Tianjin Quanjian.[22] The season highlighted the league's potential for continental recognition while underscoring persistent hurdles. Early seasons faced significant challenges, including low television viewership that limited broader exposure and revenue generation, as matches were primarily streamed online rather than broadcast nationally.[22] Logistical strains from inter-island travel, such as coordinating flights and accommodations across the archipelago, increased operational costs for clubs based in distant locations like Cebu and Davao.[18] Financial pressures persisted despite subsidies from the Philippine Football Federation, leading to club withdrawals and sustainability concerns that threatened the league's viability.[23]Hiatus and Replacement by Philippine Premier League
The Philippine Football League (PFL) faced a significant hiatus in 2019 when its season was cancelled due to internal issues within the Philippine Football Federation (PFF), concerns raised by FIFA regarding the federation's governance, and widespread financial instability among clubs, resulting in no matches being played.[24][25] The PFF terminated its agreement with the league operator, Triple CH Holdings, citing non-compliance with contractual obligations and operational failures, which exacerbated the crisis.[26] This period highlighted the league's organizational flaws, including inadequate financial transparency and logistical challenges that had persisted from the early seasons. In response, the PFF launched the Philippine Premier League (PPL) as a replacement for the PFL, aiming to address these shortcomings through a fresh structure with greater emphasis on regional representation and compliance with Asian Football Confederation (AFC) professional standards for club licensing.[27] However, the PPL's inaugural season in 2019 folded after just one matchday on April 27, due to club withdrawals—such as Global Makati and Stallion Laguna—and ongoing financial and governance concerns, marking a brief and unsuccessful transition.[28] The PFF subsequently promised to revive the PFL while working to stabilize the domestic football ecosystem.[29] The transitional period continued into 2020, when the PFL was revived in a limited "bubble" format confined to Manila to minimize COVID-19 risks, featuring only five teams: United City FC, Kaya-Iloilo, Stallion Laguna, Mendiola FC 1991, and Maharlika Manila.[30] United City FC, rebranded from Ceres–Negros FC following new ownership, dominated the shortened single round-robin season and claimed the championship with an undefeated record, providing much-needed momentum amid the pandemic.[31] The 2021 season was ultimately cancelled due to ongoing COVID-19 challenges. The PFL returned for the 2022–23 season with seven teams in a double round-robin format, where Kaya–Iloilo emerged as champions after a strong campaign, underscoring the league's focus on professional development and AFC alignment.[32]Revival and Recent Seasons (2020–Present)
The Philippines Football League (PFL) continued its operations post-2020, with the 2022–23 season featuring seven participating teams (initially) and a double round-robin format to determine the champion, with Kaya F.C.–Iloilo emerging victorious after securing the top position in the standings with 55 points from 18 wins, 1 draw, and 3 losses.[33][32][34] The 2024 season represented a milestone in the league's growth, expanding to a record 15 teams and using a single round-robin format from April to July, with Kaya F.C.–Iloilo claiming the title by finishing top of the standings and achieving back-to-back victories. This expansion enhanced nationwide representation but faced challenges with mid-season withdrawals, reducing effective participation. In the 2024–25 season, the PFL featured 10 teams in a double round-robin regular season format followed by a reintroduced Finals Series knockout playoff for the top four teams, running from September 2024 to April 2025 and concluding with Kaya F.C.–Iloilo claiming their third consecutive championship via a 2–0 victory over Stallion Laguna F.C. in the decisive match. The season highlighted ongoing stability and performance improvements among clubs, with the Finals Series boosting competitiveness. Looking ahead, the league expanded to 11 teams for the 2025–26 campaign, which commenced on August 30, 2025, and is currently ongoing, further broadening participation in a double round-robin structure.[6] Key developments during this period included enhanced opportunities for PFL clubs in Asian Football Confederation (AFC) competitions, driven by the Philippines' improved national ranking, which secured additional slots in events like the AFC Champions League Two for 2024–25 and beyond. Attendance figures also rose notably, reaching over 10,000 spectators for select high-profile matches, reflecting growing fan interest. Additionally, the integration of structured promotion pathways from lower divisions has facilitated upward mobility for emerging teams, fostering a more robust national football ecosystem.[35][36]League Structure
Competition Format
The Philippines Football League (PFL) follows a competition format consisting of a double round-robin regular season, in which each team competes against every other team twice—once at home and once away—over a series of matchdays, followed by a split into two groups. A win earns a team 3 points, a draw 1 point, and a loss 0 points, with standings determined by total points accumulated. The top six teams advance to the Championship Group, and the bottom five to the Classification Group; each group then plays a double round-robin among its members to determine final standings, with the Championship Group winner declared the league champion.[6] The format has undergone several changes since the league's inception to address logistical, financial, and external challenges. The inaugural 2017 season utilized a home-and-away quadruple round-robin structure among eight teams, resulting in 28 matches per team before culminating in a Finals Series playoff.[37] In 2018, with seven teams, it shifted to a double round-robin (14 regular-season matches per team) followed by a single final round of matches, where hosting rights were assigned by lottery draw.[38] The 2020 season, impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, adopted a condensed single round-robin bubble format at a centralized venue in Carmona, Cavite, with six teams each playing five matches and no playoffs.[39] Upon revival in 2022, the league returned to a quadruple round-robin among seven teams (24 matches each), maintaining this through the 2022–23 season.[40] The 2024–25 season reintroduced the Finals Series as a distinct postseason tournament for the top four teams after the double round-robin regular season.[7] For the 2025–26 season, the format was updated to a double round-robin regular season among 11 teams, followed by a split into a Championship Group (top 6 teams) and a Classification Group (bottom 5 teams), each playing a double round-robin among themselves, with the Championship Group winner declared the league champion.[6] Tiebreakers for teams level on points prioritize goal difference, followed by total goals scored, and then head-to-head results between the tied teams; if still unresolved, further criteria such as disciplinary records may apply.[41] The PFL operates as a closed professional league with no promotion or relegation system, though discussions since 2023 have explored potential pathways for top performers from the second-tier Philippine Premier League (PPL) to join the PFL. Season schedules traditionally span March to October to avoid the rainy season, but from the 2024–25 edition onward, the calendar shifted to an August-to-May inter-year structure to synchronize with the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) competition cycle.[7]Qualification for Asian Competitions
The qualification pathways for teams from the Philippines Football League (PFL) to Asian Football Confederation (AFC) club competitions were restructured with the introduction of the AFC Champions League Elite and AFC Champions League Two starting in the 2024–25 season, reflecting the Philippines' slot allocation of two total entries. The PFL champion earns direct entry to the group stage of the AFC Champions League Two (Path 1), providing an opportunity to compete among 32 teams in the league phase.[42] Meanwhile, the winner of the Copa Paulino Alcantara, the PFL's domestic cup competition, qualifies for the play-off round of the AFC Champions League Elite, where success advances them to the league stage alongside elite Asian clubs.[43] If the same club secures both the league title and the cup, the runner-up in the PFL typically fills the AFC Champions League Two spot to ensure two representatives.[44] Prior to this format, under the unified AFC Champions League structure (2002–2024), PFL champions qualified for preliminary or play-off rounds, with successful navigation leading to the group stage. Ceres–Negros FC, as three-time PFL winners from 2017 to 2019, advanced through qualifiers to reach the group stage in the 2020 edition before rebranding to United City FC and participating again in 2021.[45] Kaya FC–Iloilo also qualified via cup success and joined United City in the 2021 group stage, marking the first time two Philippine clubs competed there simultaneously.[46] In the inaugural 2024–25 AFC Champions League Two, Kaya FC–Iloilo entered the group stage as 2023 Copa Paulino Alcantara winners but, like previous entries, did not progress beyond the league phase.[47] Participation in these AFC tournaments requires clubs to satisfy stringent AFC Club Licensing criteria, administered through the Philippine Football Federation (PFF). These include Category 3 licensing standards covering infrastructure such as a suitable stadium with minimum capacity and facilities, financial criteria demonstrating stability and no overdue payables, and sporting requirements like a certified youth academy and qualified personnel.[15] Failure to meet these can result in slot reallocation, as seen in past seasons where only licensed PFL clubs like Kaya FC–Iloilo and Dynamic Herb Cebu FC were cleared for 2025–26 entry.[48]Participating Clubs
Current Clubs (2025–26)
The 2025–26 Philippines Football League season features 11 clubs, marking an expansion from the previous 2024–25 season's 10-team format through the reinstatement of three former participants: Don Bosco Garelli United, Philippine Army, and Tuloy, replacing the dropped Loyola and Philippine YNT. This lineup includes relocations and renamings, such as Davao Aguilas becoming Aguilas–UMak FC in Makati and Mendiola FC 1991 relocating to Valenzuela as Valenzuela PB–Mendiola FC. It emphasizes representation from Luzon with nine teams based there, alongside two from the Visayas region (Dynamic Herb Cebu and Kaya FC–Iloilo), highlighting the league's concentration in the northern and central Philippines while lacking Mindanao presence. All matches are centralized at the Rizal Memorial Stadium in Manila, promoting logistical efficiency and fan accessibility via free live streams.[6] The clubs bring a mix of established powerhouses, mid-table contenders, and returning sides, with recent form from the 2024–25 season influencing expectations. Defending champions Kaya FC–Iloilo enter as favorites after a dominant campaign, while Manila Digger (regular season runners-up) and Dynamic Herb Cebu (Finals Series runners-up) aim to challenge for the title. Below is a summary of the competing teams, including their locations, key ownership details where applicable, 2024–25 performances (for participating clubs), and notable players such as foreign imports or standouts.| Club | Location | Ownership/Key Notes | 2024–25 Performance | Notable Players |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguilas–UMak FC | Makati, Metro Manila | Affiliated with University of Makati; relocated from Davao; focuses on youth integration. | 6th place (as Davao Aguilas; 25 points from 18 matches); did not reach Finals Series. | Japanese import Shuto Komaki (midfielder); local talent Paolo Bugas (attacking midfielder).[49] |
| Don Bosco Garelli United FC | Makati, Metro Manila | Owned by Don Bosco Technical Institute; emphasizes community and youth development. | Did not participate; last competed in 2019 season. | Italian-influenced coaching; key returnee Roderick Vega (defender).[50] |
| Dynamic Herb Cebu FC | Talisay, Cebu | Owned by Dynamic Herb Sports Incorporated; managed by Turkish businessman Ugur Tasci since 2021 entry. | 4th place (regular season; 31 points from 18 matches); Finals Series runners-up. | American forward Kainoa Bailey (top scorer with multiple goals); Senegalese midfielder Abou Sy.[51][52][53] |
| Kaya FC–Iloilo | Iloilo City, Iloilo | Founded in 1996; privately owned with focus on professional development; multiple-time league champions including 2024–25 title. | 1st place (regular season and overall; 44 points from 18 matches, 48 goals scored). | Japanese striker Yu Hoshide (key import); Filipino internationals Mike Ott (midfielder) and Jovin Bedic (forward).[51][54] |
| Maharlika Manila FC | Taguig, Metro Manila | Formerly Global FC; owned by Maharlika Foundation with military ties; renamed from Maharlika Taguig. | 7th place; 18 points from 18 matches, struggled defensively. | Brazilian import Darryle Hydes (forward); local captain Stephan Schröck (midfielder).[50] |
| Manila Digger FC | Taguig, Metro Manila | Community-based club; emphasizes local talent from urban areas. | 2nd place (regular season; 43 points from 18 matches); reached Finals Series. | Japanese goalkeeper Ichiro Ueda; emerging Filipino striker John Paul Rico.[51][55] |
| One Taguig FC | Taguig, Metro Manila | Rebranded from United City FC; backed by local government and corporate sponsors. | 3rd place; 33 points from 18 matches, reached Finals Series. | Spanish import Javier Gayoso (forward); Filipino defender Amani Aguinaldo.[50] |
| Philippine Army FC | Taguig, Metro Manila | Operated by the Philippine Army; military-sponsored with disciplined structure. | Did not participate; previously active in early PFL seasons (2017–19). | Local military personnel like captain Daisuke Sato (defender); focus on Filipino players.[50] |
| Stallion Laguna FC | Biñan, Laguna | Owned by Stallion Group of Companies; known for strong organizational backing. | 5th place; 27 points from 18 matches. | Japanese midfielder Kenjiro Ogino; Filipino veteran Stephan Palla (defender).[51] |
| Tuloy FC | Muntinlupa, Metro Manila | Faith-based club linked to Tuloy Foundation; promotes social outreach through sports. | Did not participate; competed in inaugural 2017 season and 2022–23. | Youth academy products like Mark Hartmann (goalkeeper); emphasis on local recruits.[50] |
| Valenzuela PB–Mendiola FC | Valenzuela, Metro Manila | Partnership between Valenzuela city government and Mendiola FC; relocated and rebranded from Mendiola FC 1991; hybrid professional-amateur model. | 10th place (as Mendiola FC 1991; 5 points from 18 matches). | Colombian import Omar Ramos (midfielder); Filipino forward Mark Verzosa.[50] |
Historical Timeline of Clubs
The Philippines Football League (PFL) began with eight founding clubs in 2017, drawn primarily from the preceding United Football League and new expansion teams, marking the professionalization of top-tier club football in the country.[56] These included Ceres–Negros FC, Davao Aguilas FC, FC Meralco Manila, Global Cebu FC, Ilocos United FC, JP Voltes–Marikina FC, Kaya FC–Makati, and Stallion FC, with the league aiming to expand nationwide representation.[56] By 2018, the roster remained at eight teams, though some underwent relocations and rebrandings, such as Global Cebu FC shifting operations to Makati and Ilocos United FC ceasing operations after the inaugural season due to financial challenges.[17] The league faced significant contractions in 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic, reducing participation to just five teams: United City FC (rebranded from Ceres–Negros FC following an ownership transfer to MMC Sportz Ventures), Kaya FC–Iloilo, Stallion Laguna FC, Mendiola FC 1991, and Green Archers United FC.[57][30] This limited season highlighted logistical strains, with several clubs opting out due to health protocols and economic pressures.[30] Following a hiatus in 2019, the PFL was temporarily replaced by the Philippine Premier League (PPL), which absorbed all existing PFL clubs and introduced new entrants like the Azkals Development Team in 2021 as a youth-focused outfit affiliated with the national team program.[58][59] The PPL operated through 2022 with expanded rosters, including promotions from lower divisions, before the PFL's revival. The 2023 PFL season (2022–23) restarted with seven teams: Kaya FC–Iloilo, Stallion Laguna FC, United City FC, Azkals Development Team, Dynamic Herb Cebu FC (transitioning from the PPL), Mendiola FC 1991, and Tuloy FC.[59] United City FC withdrew before the season due to financial issues.[60] The revival era saw gradual expansions, driven by the success of the 2023 Copa Paulino Alcantara, which encouraged greater club participation.[61] The 2024–25 season grew to 10 teams, incorporating new entries like Loyola and the Philippine YNT, amid licensing adjustments.[61] Dynamic Herb Cebu FC solidified its position as a key club from the PPL era into the PFL structure.[62] Azkals Development Team withdrew after 2023. Mergers and rebrandings also shaped the landscape, such as Mendiola FC 1991's relocation and renaming to Valenzuela PB–Mendiola FC in 2025 following a sponsorship deal with Pure Blends Corporation.[63]| Year | Key Club Changes |
|---|---|
| 2017 | Eight founding clubs established: Ceres–Negros FC, Davao Aguilas FC, FC Meralco Manila, Global Cebu FC, Ilocos United FC, JP Voltes–Marikina FC, Kaya FC–Makati, Stallion FC.[56] |
| 2018 | No net additions; Ilocos United FC folds; Global Cebu FC relocates to Makati as Global FC.[17] |
| 2020 | Contraction to five teams due to pandemic: United City FC (rebrand from Ceres–Negros), Kaya FC–Iloilo, Stallion Laguna FC, Mendiola FC 1991, Green Archers United FC. Kaya FC–Makati relocates to Iloilo.[57][30] |
| 2019–2022 (Hiatus/PPL) | PFL clubs transition to PPL; new entrants include Azkals Development Team (2021) and Dynamic Herb Cebu FC (2021); PPL expands to 10+ teams by 2022.[58][59] |
| 2023 (2022–23) | PFL revives with seven teams: Kaya FC–Iloilo, Stallion Laguna FC, United City FC, Azkals Development Team, Dynamic Herb Cebu FC, Mendiola FC 1991, Tuloy FC. United City FC withdraws before season.[60][59] |
| 2024–25 | Expansion to 10 teams, including new licenses for Loyola and Philippine YNT; Azkals Development Team withdraws.[61] |
| 2025–26 | Further changes: Loyola and Philippine YNT dropped; reinstatements of Don Bosco Garelli United, Philippine Army, and Tuloy; relocations/renames including Aguilas–UMak FC (from Davao Aguilas) and Valenzuela PB–Mendiola FC (from Mendiola).[63] |
Achievements and Statistics
List of Champions
The Philippines Football League (PFL) has been contested annually since 2017, except for the 2021 season, which was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Ceres–Negros FC, later rebranded as United City FC, achieved dominance in the league's formative years by securing the first four championships through a combination of regular-season performance and, in the inaugural edition, a playoff final. The league's revival in the 2022–23 season marked the rise of Kaya FC–Iloilo, which has claimed the title in each subsequent campaign, reflecting a shift in competitive balance toward Iloilo-based teams.[9] The following table summarizes the champions, runners-up (determined by regular-season standings except in 2017), and top goalscorers for each completed season. Playoff details are limited to the 2017 Finals Series, where Ceres–Negros defeated Global Cebu 4–1 at Panaad Stadium in Bacolod to secure the inaugural title; all other seasons crowned the regular-season leader as champion without additional playoffs.[9][64][65]| Season | Champion | Runner-up | Top goalscorer |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | Ceres–Negros | Global Cebu | Bienvenido Marañón (Ceres–Negros) |
| 2018 | Ceres–Negros | Kaya FC–Iloilo | Robert Lopez Mendy (Kaya FC–Iloilo) |
| 2019 | Ceres–Negros | Kaya FC–Iloilo | Jordan Mintah (Ceres–Negros) |
| 2020 | United City | Kaya FC–Iloilo | Bienvenido Marañón (United City) |
| 2022–23 | Kaya FC–Iloilo | Dynamic Herb Cebu | Daizo Horikoshi (Kaya FC–Iloilo) |
| 2024 | Kaya FC–Iloilo | Dynamic Herb Cebu | Jarvey Gayoso (Kaya FC–Iloilo) |
| 2024–25 | Kaya FC–Iloilo | Manila Digger | Saikou Ceesay (Manila Digger) |
