Queen Victoria's reign, known as the Victorian era, was marked by industrial, political, scientific, and military changes within the United Kingdom and the expansion of the British Empire.

A court intrigue involving Lady Flora Hastings, one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, led to public backlash against Queen Victoria due to false rumors of an out-of-wedlock pregnancy.

The Crimean War was a significant military conflict during Queen Victoria's reign, involving the British Empire and other European powers.

Queen Victoria was given the title of Empress of India by the British parliament, reflecting the expansion of British influence in India.